要用定冠词.ppt

* * THE ARTICLE 冠词的用法： 冠词 定冠词 不定冠词 (Definite Article) (Indefinite Article) (Article) 1.定冠词的基本用法 1）定冠词的特指用法 定冠词的特指用法通常都是确定的特指，比如 重提上文提到过的人或物时，要用定冠词： eg.I saw a girl and an old man in the house. The old man must be the girl’s grand-father. eg.He ordered some books last month. The books have now arrived. 2)在名词词组中，如果名词之后带有限制性定语或其前带有最高级形容词，要用定冠词： eg.Is this the train for Shanghai? eg.The flowers in her garden smell fragrant. eg.Here the letter to be posted. eg.This is the most interesting book I have ever read. 3)当讲到说话人和听话人都知道的人或物时，要用定冠词： eg.I’m just back from the market. eg.Has the postman been here? 4)当名词前带有first, next, last, same, only 等表示独特含义的词语时，要用定冠词： eg.When is the next flight to Beijing. eg.He is always the first to come and the last to leave. eg.This is the only copy I have ever collected. 2.定冠词的类指用法 1）用“定冠词+单数名词” 可泛指同一类的人和物： eg.The tiger and the cat belong to the same family of mammals. eg.The book is used for the teacher, not for the student. 2)“用定冠+表示国籍的形容 词”可泛指整个民族或国人。 eg.The Chinese are a great, hardworking, and bravery people. eg.The English have long had trade relations with China. 4）“定冠词+某些复数名词”可泛指一定的阶级，阶层或外国人。 eg.The Germans are a musical people. eg.He says he keeps away from the lawyers and the doctors. 3.定冠词的其他用法 1）在表示某些独一无二的事物时，要用定冠词： eg.the sun, the moon, the earth, the northern pole,the equator 2）在表示海洋，江河，湖泊，群岛，山脉，沙漠，海峡等的专有名词前，要用定冠词 。 eg. The Sahara, the Atlantic, the Changjiang river 3)在乐器名称前，要用定冠词 eg.Tom played the piano and I played the violin. 4)在表示某一家人的专有名词前，要用定冠词。 eg.The Browns have arrived. 2.不定冠词的基本用法 不定冠词 a, an 也可用于特指和类指。 1）不定冠词的特指用法 不定冠词的特指用法属于非确定特指，即指特定的人和物， 但不是很明确，因此不同于定冠词所表示的确定特指 。 比较： They live in a house. The house was built last year.（前者仅指一幢特定的房子，至于什么样的房子没说明，因而是非确定特指；在后一句中， The house 则指他们所住的房子。 eg.I have got a headache. eg.There is a postman at the door. 2）不定冠词的类指用法 不定冠词与单数名词搭配可泛指一类的任何物，即指同类的人或物中的任何一个。 eg.A car must be insured. eg.A child needs love. eg.He will become an actor, not a painter. *要注意区别“不定冠词+单数名词”的类指用法与非