CRISPR_Cas系统_RNA靶向的基因组定向编辑新_李君要素.pdf

HEREDITAS (Beijing) 2013 11 , 35(11): 1265 1273 ISSN 0253-9772 DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1005.2013.01265 CRISPR/Cas RNA ,, , CRISPR/Cas DNA (TALENs) , , , ,, , , 100010 , CRISPR/Cas , ZFNs CRISPR/Cas , CRISPR/Cas RNA TALENs (ZFNs) TALE , CRISPR/Cas , CRISPR/Cas ; ; RNA CRISPR/Cas: a novel way of RNA-guided genome editing LI Jun, ZHANG Yi, CHEN Kun-Ling, SHAN Qi-Wei, WANG Yan-Peng, LIANG Zhen, GAO Cai-Xia State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100010, China Abstract: Bacteria and archaea have evolved an adaptive immune system, known as type prokaryotic clustered regu- larly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated (Cas) system, which uses short RNA to direct the degradation of target sequences present in invading viral and plasmid DNAs. Recent advances in CRISPR/Cas system provide an improved method for genome editing, showing robust and specific RNA-guided endonuclease activity at targeted endogenous genomic loci. It is the latest technology to modify genome DNA specifically and effectively following zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) and TALE nucleases (TALENs). Compared with ZFNs and TALENs, CRISPR/Cas is much simpler and easier to engineer. This review summarizes recent progress, and discusses the prospects of CRISPR/Cas system, with an emphasis on its structure, principle, applications and potential challenges. Keywords: CRISPR/Cas system; targeted genome modification; single guide RNA (sgRNA) : 2013?07?16; : : 2013?09?04 ( 383601, ( 2013ZX08010-002) :, , E-mail: lijun@ : ,, , , E-mail: cxgao@ : 2013-10-14 9:41:22 URL: /kcms/detail/11.1913.R0941.001.html 2013ZX08002-004, 2013ZX08002-005 1266 HEREDITAS (Beijing) 2013 35 editing) , , , (Genome [1] , Science 2012 (Zinc-finger nucleases, ZFNs)[2~5], TALE (Trans- cription activator like effector nucleases, TALENs)[6~10], ——CRISPR/Cas (CRISPR/Cas system) DNA DNA (Double