Objective 19 Europe Before 1492 Revival, Renaissance 客观1492欧洲前19复兴文艺复兴.pptVIP

Objective 19: Europe Before 1492Revival, Renaissance, Reconnaissance Population Decline (millions) Recovery – 15th century: The end of feudalism and the emergence of Europe Reintegration into hemispheric trading networks Resurgence of trade and a money economy Creation of new towns and cities Reemergence of monarchies and regional states Wind and current patterns in the worlds oceans. How does Europe rise to world dominance? Theory of the “retarding lead” Southernization Economic recovery after the Plague Nation states Rise of capitalism Intellectual growth in the Renaissance Contact with the Mongols Contact with the Muslim Empire through Spain and the Crusades * 14th century crises Mongol Invasions Great Schism The Plague- 1346-50 Hundred Years War 1337-1453 The Mongol successor states. After the death of Chinggis Khan’s grandson Mongke in 1259, the Mongol world devolved into four successor states. Kublai Khan’s emerged as the most powerful, but only after a long struggle with Song China. In Central Asia, the Chagatai dominated the eastern steppe; the Golden Horde became established in southwest Russia; and the Il-Khan in Persia ruled from Kabul to Anatolia. The routes of the plague. The central and east Asian stability imposed by Mongol rule—the “Mongol Peace”—brought mixed benefits. Trade flourished, and travelers such as Ibn Battuta and Marco Polo were able to write remarkable accounts of the lands they visited. At the same time, however, vectors for other travelers, such as the rats that carried bubonic plague, also opened up. The Black Death, originating in Central Asia, was one of a succession of plagues that followed the trade routes by land and sea, decimating parts of Europe and China. Consequences of the Plague Depopulation of Europe Church lost authority Erosion of serfdom as the labor shortage enabled serfs to demand wages and better working conditions Hundred Years War 1337-1453 A conflict between the king of Fr