Objects First with Java Chapter 12第一章12 java对象.pptVIP

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Objects First with Java Chapter 12第一章12 java对象.ppt

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Objects First with Java Chapter 12第一章12 java对象

Objects First with Java ? David J. Barnes and Michael K?lling Handling errors Main concepts to be covered Defensive programming. Anticipating that things could go wrong. Exception handling and throwing. Error reporting. Simple file processing. Some causes of error situations Incorrect implementation. Does not meet the specification. Inappropriate object request. E.g., invalid index. Inconsistent or inappropriate object state. E.g. arising through class extension. Not always programmer error Errors often arise from the environment: Incorrect URL entered. Network interruption. File processing is particular error-prone: Missing files. Lack of appropriate permissions. Exploring errors Explore error situations through the address-book projects. Two aspects: Error reporting. Error handling. Defensive programming Client-server interaction. Should a server assume that clients are well-behaved? Or should it assume that clients are potentially hostile? Significant differences in implementation required. Issues to be addressed How much checking by a server on method calls? How to report errors? How can a client anticipate failure? How should a client deal with failure? An example Create an AddressBook object. Try to remove an entry. A runtime error results. Whose ‘fault’ is this? Anticipation and prevention are preferable to apportioning blame. Argument values Arguments represent a major ‘vulnerability’ for a server object. Constructor arguments initialize state. Method arguments often contribute to behavior. Argument checking is one defensive measure. Checking the key Server error reporting How to report illegal arguments? To the user? Is there a human user? Can they solve the problem? To the client object? Return a diagnostic value. Throw an exception. Returning a diagnostic Client responses Test the return value. Attempt recovery on error. Avoid program failure. Ignore the return value. Cannot be prevented. Likely to lead to program failure. Exceptions are preferable. Excep