Plants and Inorganic Nutrients UCA植物和无机营养剂.pptVIP

Plants and Inorganic Nutrients Animals – Heterotrophic Plants - Autotrophic How is mineral nutrition studied under controlled conditions? Hydroponics How is mineral nutrition studied in the field? What are the essential nutrients? What are the roles of the essential nutrients? What are the roles of the essential nutrients? What are the beneficial nutrients? Plant requirements for nutrients is defined in terms of critical concentration Plants exhibit either morphological or biochemical deficiency symptoms Roots, soil and nutrient uptake Soil as a nutrient reservoir How do soil colloids work? How do ions get from the soil into the plant? Are all ions taken up by a plant equally? How do ions get across root cell membranes? Root – Microbe Interactions Root – Microbe Interactions Benefit of mycorrhizae * What is plant nutrition? Organic nutrition – photosynthesis Inorganic nutrition – mineral elements from soil Plants do not need soil to grow if they are supplied with specific mineral nutrients Hoaglands Solution Note that the amounts required will be higher than found in most soils. Why? Ideal Concentration Of Elements For The Vegetative Reproductive Stages Of Cucumber Plants 1.0 ppm 1.0 ppm Zn 0.2 ppm 0.2 ppm Mo 0.1 ppm 0.1 ppm Cu 1 ppm 1 ppm B 2 ppm 2 ppm Mn 20 ppm 20 ppm Fe 60 ppm 60 ppm Mg 140 ppm 200 ppm Ca 280 ppm 220 ppm K 60 ppm 70 ppm P 225 ppm 251 ppm N Reproductive Stage? Vegetable State? Elements? Nutrient film technique “aeroponics” Nutrient addition experiments at Rothhamstead Experimental Station Conclusions: Nutrient availability influences growth, species abundance, competition and soil microbial populations Park Grass Experiment started in 1856 (shown in 1941) Variables: pH, P, K, Mg, Na, nitrate-N, ammonium-N and Silicon Fertilized plots have fewer species (2-3) vs. unfertilized 50-60) Essential nutrients are needed for a plant to complete its life cycle and/or part of some essential plant part or molecule 17 nutrients: Macronutrien