PowerPoint Presentation Temperate deciduous forestsPowerPoint演示文稿的温带落叶阔叶林.pptVIP

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PowerPoint Presentation Temperate deciduous forestsPowerPoint演示文稿的温带落叶阔叶林.ppt

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PowerPoint Presentation Temperate deciduous forestsPowerPoint演示文稿的温带落叶阔叶林

Temperate deciduous (mesophytic) forests Global distribution of the biome North American distribution of the TDF and representative climate stations Climate - monthly temperatures Climate - precipitation regimes Soil types of the temperate deciduous forest Soil profiles and soil-forming processes Soil formation What controls the distribution of the dominant tree species of the TDF? Temperate forest trees:similar western limits = similar drought intolerance? Airmass climatology - biome boundaries Budyko-Lettau dryness ratio Tree species diversity ++++++++ Is reduced diversity to northwest a result of the harsher climate? Temperate forest trees:common northern limits = similar limiting temperatures? Airmass climatology - biome boundaries Thermal limits and optima Cold injury Probability of temperatures falling below -40°C Winter-summer phases Daily irradiance*:Liriodendron stand, Tennessee Shade tolerance of N. American TDF trees Periodicity of acorn production(note variable behaviour within and between oaks) Old-field succession (Northern hardwoods) Fire / old-field succession (mixed forests of the southeast) Modern forest fauna (N. America) Many northern temperate forest tree genera are widespread Biomes of the early Tertiary (~60 Ma) Eureka Sound formation: Ellesmere Is*. Tertiary cooling and the temperate mesophytic forest Eurasian - North American temperate forest divergence (from genetic evidence) Pliocene fragmentation Full-glacial refuges (R) and Holocene migrations Rapid post-glacial migration: are seed-caching birds responsible?What role do they play in long-distance dispersal at present? Postglacial fossil finds:passenger pigeon (dots) and blue jay (triangles ) Why is the European TDF depauperate? Late Quaternary dynamics (Europe) Recent species fluctuations:pest-pathogen effects on species dynamics(+ Dutch elm) Plant community structure as a function of topography and elevation in the Great Smoky Mountains Plant community structure as