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Effect of welding on the Mechanical properties of weldments in grade 91 Creep resistant steel International Conference on Space 2014 (ICS-2014) 12-14 November 2014 Islamabad – Pakistan Engr. Muhammad Hussain Lead Metallurgist TCR Arabia Company Ltd. Dammam – Saudi Arabia Dr. M. Shahid Khalil Mechanical Engg Dept UET Taxila, Introduction Satisfactory performance of P91 steel is critically dependent upon obtaining the correct microstructure of tempered martensite. Control of welding and PWHT parameters is critical Current P(T)91 Usage Dramatic Domestic Increase in Last Several Years Use Mainly for Cogeneration Utility Usage increasing for Repowering, Replacements New Facilities Base Metal Advanced CrMo’s Welding Process The common welding processes can be used: Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) or Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) welding Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) or Manual Metal Arc (MMA) welding Submerged Arc Welding (SAW) Gas Metal Arc Welding (GMAW) or Metal Inert Gas (MIG) welding And also Flux Cored Arc Welding (FCAW) Design … Metallurgical Notch Notch Consider different strengths as equivalent to different thickness Change in strength equivalent to stress concentrating notch Other properties such as creep strength and ductility and fatigue properties also vary Position of weakest zone depends on metallurgy of weld and parent e.g P91 type IV position is a metallurgical notch Welding Consumables Preheat Interpass Preheat Interpass Preheat / interpass temperature range for P91 is 200-300°C (~390-570°F) Vallourec Mannesmann Tubes recommend preheating and interpass temperatures around 250°C (480°F) Welding of thin wall tubes can be carried out at temperatures below 200°C (390°F) In Japan, interpass temperature 170-200°C to minimize risk of hot tearing Preheat maintenance Options for non-continuous welding works: Maintain preheat throughout Apply post-heat if cooling partially completed welds to RT HAZ structures generated during we