Psychology Past, Present and Future MCCC心理学的过去、现在和未来 MCCC.pptVIP

* * * * * * * * Psychoanalytic: created by Freud, emotional problems are due to anxiety from unresolved conflicts that reside in unconscious Behaviorist: look at observable behavior -- we can describe, predict, and control that behavior Humanistic: free choice and positive human values -- optimist view of behavior -- desire to fulfill the self Cognitive: focuses on mental processes like learning, memory, and thinking -- ideas and thoughts are the basis of human behavior Biopsychology: neuroscience perspective, biological factors affect mental processes -- brain controls behavior -- genetics, brain damage, etc... Social: how social and cultural factors influence behavior Evolutionary: how we have adapted in order for the species to survive * * * * * * * * * Developmental: Looks at human development across the life span. Developmental psychology once focused primarily on child development but today devotes a great deal of research to adolescence, adulthood, and old age. Social: Focuses on interpersonal behavior and the role of social forces in governing behavior. Typical topics include attitude formation, attitude change, prejudice, conformity, attraction, aggression, intimate relationships, and behavior in groups. Experimental: Encompasses the traditional core of topics such as sensation, perception, learning, conditioning, motivation and emotion. Physiological: Examines the influence of genetic factors on behavior and the role of the brain, nervous system, endocrine system, and bodily chemicals in the regulation of behavior. Cognitive: Focuses on “higher” mental processes such as memory, reasoning, information processing, language, problem solving, decision making, and creativity. Personality: Interested in describing and understanding individuals’ consistency in behavior, which represents their personality. This area is interested in factors that shape personality and with personality assessment. Psychometrics: the measurement of behav