The Effects of Feedback on Targeting with Multiple Moving反馈对多运动目标的影响.pptVIP

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The Effects of Feedback on Targeting with Multiple Moving反馈对多运动目标的影响.ppt

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The Effects of Feedback on Targeting with Multiple Moving反馈对多运动目标的影响

The Effects of Feedback on Targeting with Multiple Moving Targets David Mould and Carl Gutwin Overview Introduction / Motivation Research Question Experimental Design Results Conclusions Targeting The user sees a target (a window, a menu item), moves the cursor to it, and selects it An extremely common task in modern mouse-based user interfaces Targeting is easy In typical applications, targets are highly visible and stationary. Feedback has been suggested as a method of improving targeting performance – but Akamatsu et al. ran a study finding that feedback doesnt help under these conditions Virtual World applications Computer Game applications Targeting can be hard In other applications, targeting can be more difficult: targets might move in a cluttered environment, targets might be hidden or the user might be distracted Does feedback improve targeting when the task is more difficult? (It can, per Fraser Gutwin – is this the kind of task where feedback will help?) The Role of Feedback Feedback is used in many applications where targeting might seem difficult. Games use sevral kinds of visual feedback: highlighting the target haloing the target writing text in a sidebar many others Our study: Does feedback help? Maybe feedback helps in difficult tasks. Pilot: a few graduate students performed targeting tasks with moving targets and clutter Pilot results: no effect on completion time, maybe some effect on error rate Targeting Environment Conditions Different conditions: speed, occluder count, feedback condition Each participant saw all conditions Feedback condition order varied, but other conditions were fixed in order of increasing difficulty Speed condition Three different speeds: slow, medium, fast Slow: 45 pixels/second (~1.3 cm/s) Medium: 220 pixels/second (~6.4 cm/s) Fast: 400 pixels/second (~11.7 cm/s) Entire window: 600 pixels across, square. Occluder count condition We varied the number of occluders: None (no occluders) Few (22 occluders) M