The Middle Colonies Mater Academy Lakes High 中殖民地母校湖高.pptxVIP

The Middle Colonies New York New Jersey Pennsylvania Delaware New York and New Jersey Guiding Question: Why did the Middle Colonies grow? By 1660, England had two groups of colonies in North America. In the north were the New England colonies. In the south was the Southern Colonies. Between these two groups of colonies were lands under Dutch control. This area was called New Netherland. The main settlement of New Netherland was New Amsterdam, on Manhattan Island. location was ideal for trade - combined a good seaport with access to the Hudson River. river served as a major transportation link to a rich land of farms, forests, and furs. As a result, New Amsterdam became a center of shipping to and from the Americas. The Dutch West India Company controlled New Netherland. (Similar to the Virginia Company that we saw in the Southern Colonies.) wanted to increase the colonys population. the company offered large grants of land to anyone who could bring at least 50 settlers to work the land. landowners who received these grants were called patroons. patroons ruled like kings. They had their own courts and laws. Settlers owed the patroons labor and a share of their crops. New Netherlands becomes New York New Netherlands success did not go unnoticed. English wanted to gain control of the valuable Dutch colony. England insisted it had a right to the land based on John Cabots explorations in the late 1400s. In 1664 the English sent a fleet to attack New Amsterdam. Peter Stuyvesant, governor of the colony, surrendered it to the English forces without a fight. Englands King Charles gave the colony to his brother, the Duke of York, who renamed it New York. New York was a proprietary colony. This was a colony in which an owner, or proprietor, owned all the land and controlled the government. Not until 1691 did the English government allow citizens of New York to elect their legislature. New York continued to prosper under English control. had a diverse population m