Theory of Evolution Teaching Biology and Science Blog进化论教学生物学和科学博客.pptVIP

Theory of Evolution “ greatest unifying principle in biology” Precursors to Darwin1.???? Religion ?2.???? Jean Baptist de Lemarck-???????? Proposed theories of evolution-???????? Lamarckian evolution – “ inheritance of acquired characteristic (traits)”3.???? Erasmus Darwin – (Darwin’s grandfather) -???????? Earlier life forms have changed into the forms of today -???????? Did not explain how! Darwin Provided for evidence about A. “all living organisms are descended from a common ancestor” ?B. “ diversity of living things is accounted for by modifications that accumulated over time.” Darwin- provided a mechanism for how species change – Natural selection – favorable modifications become more and more common from one generation to the next–Environment – determines what modifications are favorable.–Genetic changes (mutations) – create modifications in individuals-Reproduction – passes on favorable modifications Steps of Natural Selection1.???? Variation is the raw material for natural selection2.???? Living things face a constant struggle for existence3.???? Only some survive and reproduce (SUCCESS)4.???? Natural Selection results in change genetics (allele frequency)5.???? Species adapt to their environment Misconception: “Natural selection gives organisms what they ‘need.’ ” If a population happens to have the genetic variation that allows some individuals to survive a particular challenge better than others, then those individuals will have more offspring in the next generation, and the population will evolve. Misconception: “Natural selection involves organisms ‘trying’ to adapt.” Natural selection involve genetic variation and selection among variants present in a population. Either an individual has genes that are good enough to survive and reproduce, or it does not —but it can’t get the right genes by “trying.” Artificial Selection Selection by breeders for specific traits in dom