TMS465 Textile Structural Compositestms465纺织结构复合材料.pptVIP

Ceramic Matrices Glass ceramics glass forming oxides, e.g. Borosilicates and aluminosilicates semi-crystalline with lower softening temperature Conventional ceramics SiC, Si3N4, Al2O3, ZrO2 fully crystalline Cement and concrete Carbon/carbon Ceramic Matrices Increased toughness through deflected crack propagation on fiber/matrix interface. Example: Carbon/carbon composites Time-temperature-transformation diagrams for thermosets resins Important concepts Devitrification Tg decreases through isothermal temperature of cure due to degradation degradation leads to decrosslink and formation of plasticizing materials Char or vitrification due to increase of crosslink and volatilization of low molecular weight plasticizing materials Time-temperature-transformation diagrams for thermosets resins Important concepts Three critical temperatures: Tg? - Tg of cured system gelTg - Tg of gel Tgo - Tg of reactants Time-temperature-transformation diagrams for thermosets resins Discussion Ungelled glassy state is good for commercial molding compounds Tgo Tprocessing, processed as solid Tgo Tprocessing, processed as liquid Store temperature gelTg to avoid gelation Resin fully cured when Tg = Tg? Tg Tcure about 40oC Full cure is achieved most readily by cure at T Tg? and slowly at T Tg?. Unsaturated polyester Reading assignment Mallick, P.K., Fiber Reinforced Composites . Materials, Manufacturing and Design, pp56-64. Resin: Products of condensation polymerization of diacids and diols e.g. Maleic anhydride and ethylene glycol Strictly alternating polymers of the type A-B-A-B-A-B At least one of the monomers is ethylenically unsaturated Unsaturated polyester Unsaturated polyester Unsaturated polyester Cross-linking agent Reactive solvent of the resin: e.g. styrene Addition polymerization with the resin molecules: initiator needed, e.g. peroxide Application of heat to decompose the initiator to start addition polymerization an accelerator may be added to increase the decompo