SmartantennasforMobileAd-hocnetworks.ppt

Smart antennas and MAC protocols in MANET Lili Wei 2004-12-02 Contents Smart antennas – basic concepts and algorithms Background knowledge System model Optimum beamformer design Adaptive beamforming algorithms DOA estimation method Schemes using directional antennas in MAC layer of ad hoc network Vaidya scheme1 Vaidya scheme2 Nasipuri scheme Bagrodia scheme Part I : Smart antennas-- basic concepts and algorithms Background Knowledge Basic challenge in wireless communication: ---- finite spectrum or bandwidth Multiple access schemes: FDMA TDMA CDMA SDMA Spatial Division Multiple Access ---- Uses an array of antennas to provide control of space by providing virtual channels in an angle domain Directional Antennas Sectorised antenna System Model Uniform Linear Array of M elements System Model System Model Optimum Beamformer Design Signal in AWGN and Interference Optimum Beamformer Design Maximum SINR beamformer Optimum Beamformer Design Minimum-Variance-Distortionless-Response beamformer Practical Issues In practice, neither R nor RI+N is available to calculate the optimal weights of the array; In practice, direction of arrival (DOA) is also unknown. Adaptive Beamforming Algorithms SMI Algorithm (Sample Matrix Inverse) LMS Algorithm (Least Mean Square) RLS Algorithm (Recursive Least Square) CMA (Constant Modulus Algorithm) Adaptive Beamforming Algorithms 1. SMI Algorithm (Sample Matrix Inverse) Adaptive Beamforming Algorithms Adaptive Beamforming Algorithms Adaptive Beamforming Algorithms DOA Estimation Method MF Algorithm (Matched Filter) MVDR Algorithm MUSIC Algorithm (MUltiple SIgnal Classification) Summary of Part I System model Optimum beamformer design Adaptive beamforming algorithms 1) SMI 2) LMS 3) RLS 4) CMA DOA estimation method 1) MF 2) MVDR 3) MUSIC Part II: Schemes using directional antennas  in MAC layer of ad hoc network RTS/CTS mechanism in 802.11 RTS/CTS m