略论刑法中的严格责任及其局限性.pdfVIP

总第69期 甘 肃 政 法 学 院 学 报 General Nl0．69 2003年8月 Journal of Gamu Institute of Political Science and Law Aug．，2OO3 略论刑法中的严格责任及其局限性 袁益波 (华东政法学院，上海 200042) 摘 要：归责原则与刑罚观有密切的联系。报应刑罚观导致结果责任，与报应刑罚观相对的预防刑罚观导致罪过责任， 但是罪过责任在现代社会中产生了证明难的诉讼困境和公众利益的保护缺失两大弊病。针对这两大弊病，产生了无需证明 罪过和无需考虑罪过的严格责任。但是严格责任在理论上却无法成为一种独立的归责原则，同时严格责任的适用会导致刑 罚报应目的和预防目的的双重失落，这就是严格责任的局限性。笔者提出，诉讼困境是无法避免的，而公众利益的保护可以 通过用行政责任或民事责任代替刑事责任的方法来实现。因此，严格责任没有存在的余地。 关键词：归责原则；严格责任；局限性 中图分类号：DF 613 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1007—788X(2(KB)04--0071—05 The Strict Lmbffiff and Its Limitation Yuan Yib0 (East China Political Science and Law Institute，Shanghai 200042) Abstract：There is the close connection between the principle of imputation and the concept of penalty．The ret~ ution ． enaltp y leads to the result liability．The prevenion penalty leads to the subjecive liability．But the subjective liability also leads to the dilemma of prosecution of difilcult proof and the deficiency in protection of interest of the public．To solve hese tt wo disadvantages ofthe subjective liability，the strict liability has appe~ ．However。the strict liability caIl not only e a indepb endent principle of imputation in theory，but also leads to the missing of retribution and prevention penalty．That is the limitation ofthe strict liability．The dilemma ofprosecution ofdificult proof Can not be avoided，and the dficiency in protection of interest of the public Can be compenstated thmugh the administrative liability and the civil liability．So，we should not adopt the the Strict Liability in theory