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Tibiofemoral contact forces during walking, running and sidestepping.pdf
Gait Posture 49 (2016) 78–85
Contents lists available at ScienceDirect
Gait Posture
journal homepage: /locate/gaitpost
Full length article
Tibiofemoral contact forces during walking, running and sidestepping
David J. Saxbya,*, Luca Modenesea,c,d, Adam L. Bryante, Pauline Gerusb, Bryce Killena, Karine Fortine, Tim V. Wrigleye, Kim L. Bennelle, Flavia M. Cicuttinif, David G. Lloyda
a Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Menzies Health Institute Queensland, Grif?th University, Australia b Laboratory of Human Motion, Education and Health, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, Nice, France c INSIGNEO Institute for in silico Medicine, University of Shef?eld, UK d Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shef?eld, UK e Centre for Health, Exercise and Sports Medicine, University of Melbourne, Australia f Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Australia
ARTICLE INFO
Article history: Received 19 November 2015 Received in revised form 18 May 2016 Accepted 10 June 2016
Keywords: Joint contact forces EMG-driven model Knee adduction moment Walking Running Sidestepping Joint stability Musculoskeletal models
ABSTRACT
We explored the tibiofemoral contact forces and the relative contributions of muscles and external loads to those contact forces during various gait tasks. Second, we assessed the relationships between external gait measures and contact forces. A calibrated electromyography-driven neuromusculoskeletal model estimated the tibiofemoral contact forces during walking (1.44 ? 0.22 m sà1), running (4.38 ? 0.42 m sà1) and sidestepping (3.58 ? 0.50 m sà1) in healthy adults (n = 60, 27.3 ? 5.4 years, 1.75 ? 0.11 m, and 69.8 ? 14.0 kg). Contact forces increased from walking ($1–2.8 BW) to running ($3–8 BW), sidestepping had largest maximum total (8.47 ? 1.57 BW) and lateral contact forces (4.3 ? 1.05 BW), while running had largest maximum medial contact forces (5.1 ? 0.95 BW). Relative muscle contributions increased across gait tasks (
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