研究总统的历史学家.pptVIP

Unit 5 Addition I. What is addition Addition, also called amplification, means supplying necessary words in our translation work on the basis of accurate comprehension of the original so as to make the version correct and clear, to make it appear more like the language translated into. Example: presidential historian 总统的历史学家 研究总统的历史学家 For mistakes had been made, bad ones, he was severely criticized. 因为已经犯了错误，很严重，他受到了严厉的批评。 因为已经犯了错误，而且是很严重的错误，他受到了严厉的批评。 II. 根据意义或修辞的需要 1. 增加动词：由于意义上的需要及英汉语言上的差异，英语中重复用词的情况较少，而汉语有时为了达到一定的修辞效果，经常使用重叠或排比句，翻译成汉语时需要在名词前增加动词。 1) In the evening, after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis exhibitions, he would work on the drafting of the final communiqué. 晚上在（参加）宴会、（出席）音乐会、（观看）乒乒球表演之后，他还得起草最后公报。 2) Matter can be changed into energy, and energy into matter. 物质可以转换成能量，能量可以转化为物质。 3) We won’t retreat; we never have and never will. 我们不后退，我们从来就没有后退过，我们将来也绝不后退。 　　 4) My work, my family and my friends were more than enough to fill my time. 我干工作，做家务， 朋友往来，这些占用了我的全部时间。 5) Reading makes a full man, conference a ready man and writing an exact man. 读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，写作使人准确。 6) Courage in excess becomes foolhardiness, affection weakness, thrift avarice. 勇敢过度，即成蛮勇；疼爱过度，即成溺爱；俭约过度，即成贪婪。 2. 增加形容词 1)?With what enthusiasm the Chinese people are building socialism. 中国人民正在以多么高的热情建设社会主义啊！ 2)?It will make a man of him in the college. 在那所大学里，一定能把他造就成堂堂的男子汉。 3) What a girl she is! See, she is speaking loudly while eating. 这女孩子真不礼貌！一边吃，一边大声说话。 3. 增加副词 根据原文的上下文，有些动词在一定的场合可增加适当的副词，以确切表达原意。 1) After the thunderstorm, the clouds melted away. 雷雨过后，乌云渐渐散去。 2) Now and then, his boots shone. 他的靴子时时闪闪发光。 3) A seagull saw the light from my window and darted up to it. 一只海鸥看见从我窗户透出的灯光，一下子扑了上去。 4. 增加名词 1) He ate and drank, for he was exhausted. 由于疲倦了，他吃了些东西，喝了点酒。 2) It is really nice and cheap. You will regret for not buying it later. 这真是物美价廉，你不买会后悔的。 3)?She was walking in the street alone, weary and ragged. 她独自一人走在大街上,面容憔悴，衣衫褴褛。 4)??She