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翻译1402
Euphemism
委婉语
Content
Definition
Euphemism is originated from the Greek word eupheme。
eu ----- good
pheme ----- speech
word of good omen
Definition
It is the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant.
1. regionalism(地域性)
For Americans
He is in the toilet
For the British
He is taking a bath
He is in the bathroom
2. register(语域性)
For women:to powder one’s nose;to freshen up
上厕所
For men:to relieve oneself;to spend a penny
For kids:go to the pot and make number one
3. times(时代性)
She has canceled all her social engagements. (1856)
怀孕
She is in an interesting condition. (1880)
she is pregnant.(1956)
She is in a delicate condition. (1895)
She is knitting little booties. (1910)
She is in a family way. (1920)
She is expecting. (1935)
1.避讳功能
pass away;be laid to rest;fall asleep
be called home;safe in the arms of Jesus
be gone to a better land ;join the angels
seeing Marx, seeing confucius
死亡
2.礼貌功能
“肥胖的”
“plump”;“stout”;“out-size”
“相貌丑陋的”
“homely”;“plain”
“耳朵聋的”
“hard of listening”
“盲人”
“the visually challenge”
2.礼貌功能
“a slow learner”(学得慢)
“under-achiever”(尚未发挥潜力)
教师不能对家长直接说孩子笨(stupid)
3.避俗功能
poor nations
4.掩饰功能
×
go on strike
×
backward nations
underdeveloped nations
industrial action
Examples:
他们认为离婚率的增加是由婚外恋造成的。
They concluded that the increase of divorce rates resulted from free love.
其他关于“婚外恋”的委婉说法:to have an affair with sb.;
to make time with;trial marriage
Examples:
他在父亲的忌日总穿黑色西服。
He would wear his black suit on his father’s pay day.
Examples:
她喝了不少酒,已有几分醉意。
She loses count of drinks and gets a little blind.
其他关于“喝醉”的委婉说法:high;tired and emotional ;be in the liquid
Examples:
伊莲和托尼因为后者的开车习惯问题而吵起来。
Elaine had words with Tony over his driving habits.
其他关于“吵架”的委婉说法:full and frank discussion;
Examples:
他因为没穿衣服被其他人取笑了。
He was laughed at by others because he was
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