课件-国外大学细胞生物学课件-英文4.bioy.ppt

* * * W2011 D103 Cell Biology - lecture 4 ? Suetterlin and MacGregor - all rights reserved * Lecture 4Ion channels and their significance for nerve signal propagation. 1. Properties of ion channels 2. The generation of an action potential 3. The propagation of an action potential W2011 D103 Cell Biology - lecture 4 ? Suetterlin and MacGregor - all rights reserved * transport rate Ion channels have a high transport rate * Selective for a specific ion (size and charge) selectivity filter that arranges molecules to pass in a single file (rate limiting) No actual ion binding site as found in carriers Ion channels are selective W2011 D103 Cell Biology - lecture 4 ? Suetterlin and MacGregor - all rights reserved * Ion channels can be opened by voltage, ligands or mechanically. Exception: K+-leak channels Ion channels are gated W2011 D103 Cell Biology - lecture 4 ? Suetterlin and MacGregor - all rights reserved W2011 D103 Cell Biology - lecture 4 ? Suetterlin and MacGregor - all rights reserved * Membrane potential - resting potential Resting potential (no more flow of ions) ?G concentration = ?G potential membrane potential: voltage difference across a membrane due to a slight ion misbalance ?generated by electrogenic pumping by Na+/K+ pump with a net flow of positive charge out of the cell) Membrane potential=0 but: concentration gradient! W2011 D103 Cell Biology - lecture 4 ? Suetterlin and MacGregor - all rights reserved * How to calculate the resting potential? ?G potential =zFV ?G concentration=RTln co/ci The Nernst equation is used to calculate the contribution of one ion to the membrane potential (assuming that the membrane is only permeable to that particular ion). for monovalent ion at 37°C Goldman equation takes the permeability for each ion into consideration W2011 D103 Cell Biology - lecture 4 ? Suetterlin and MacGregor - all rights reserved * K+ = 140mM Na+= 5mM K+ = 5mM Na+=140mM VK = 62 log10 (5mM/140 mM)= -89 mV VNa= 62 log10 (140mM/5mM= 89 mV Is t