2015-2016学年高一英语精品课件：unit4《earthquakes》第4学时（人教版必修一）.pptVIP

全优中高考网 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 全优中高考网 Unit 3　Travel journal　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　 第四学时　Grammar 定语从句(1) 一、定语从句 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词，或修饰整个主句的从句叫做定语从句。它的作用相当于形容词。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫做关系词，有关系代词who，whom，whose，which，that，as和关系副词when，where，why。关系词既联系定语从句和它的先行词，同时又充当定语从句中的一个成分(主语、宾语、介词宾语、定语、状语或表语)。 二、that，which，who，whose, 引导定语从句 关系代词 在从句中所作的成分 指代 例句 that 主语，宾语，表语 (作宾语和表语时可省略) 指物 (1)A letter that is written in pencil is difficult to read.(主语) (2)The trees(that)we planted grow well.(宾语) (3)Hong Kong is not the city (that)it used to be.(表语) 指人 (1)The passengers that were injured were sent to the nearest hospita .(主语) (2)The doctor (that)we sent for arrived very soon.(宾语) (3)Kate is no longer the girl (that)she was.(表语) which 主语、宾语(作宾语时可省略) 指物 (1)People will never forget the accident which happened here last year.(主语) (2)The letter(which)I received yesterday was from my sister.( 宾语) who 主语，宾语(介词不前置时可作介宾)(作宾语时可省略) 指人 (1)A friend who helps you in time of need is a real friend.(主语) (2)The boy (who )you saw sleeping in class is named Li Ming.(宾语) (3)I know the boy (who )you talked to just now.(介宾) whose 定语 指人 The girl whose work got the prize is the youngest in the class.(定语) 指物 At last we chose a room whose window faced south.(定语) 三、关系代词的选用 1.指物时必须用that而不用which的情况： (1)先行词是all，everything，anything，nothing，something，much，little，few，none，the one等不定代词时。 We should hand in all that, we have. (2)先行词前面有all，every，no，some，any，little，much，few，none，the only，the very，the same，the last以及序数词、形容词最高级等修饰词时。 This is the only, thing that, we can do. Its the best, film that ,has been made on the subject. (3)先行词是两个或两个以上分别表示人和物的并列名词或词组时。 We talked about the things and persons that, we saw and met during the trip. (4)先行词是主句的表语时。 Tom is no longer the boy that, he used to be. (5)主句以there be开头时。 There is, not much that, we can help. (6)主句是以who，which开头的疑问句时。 Who ,is the man that, told you the news? Who, is the man that, you spoke to? Which ,is the cap that, you have decided to buy? 2．指物时必须用which而不用that的情况： (1)在从句中作介词宾语