if条件从句的虚拟语气讲义.ppt

Subjunctive Mood in if-clauses if条件从句的虚拟语气 语气语气是动词的一种语法范畴，它表示说话人对某一行为或事情的看法和态度。语气有三种: 陈述语气：表示所说的话是事实 祈使语气：表示所说的话是请求或者命令 虚拟语气：表示说话人的主观愿望、猜想、建议或者与事实不相符的假设 He is a teacher Open the window , please 虚拟语气 虚拟语气表示说话人的主观愿望、猜想、建议或者与事实不符的假设等，可以表示可能性较小或者基本不可能发生的情况。 Eg:如果今天晚上他们邀请我去，我会同他们一起去的 If they invite me this evening , I will go with them If they invited me this evening , I should go with them 陈述语气，说话人认为被邀请的可能性很大 虚拟语气，说话人认为被邀请的可能性很小或者根本不可能 时间 IF条件句谓语 主句谓语 现在 （与现在事实相反） Might/would/should/could +do(动词原形) 过去 （与过去事实相反） Might/would/should/could +have done 将来 （与将来事实相反） Might/would/should/could +do(动词原形) Did (be 用were) 妈 我 受 苦 Had done 1.Did 2.Should do 3.Were to do 对现在虚拟 If I had time , I would go with you . 如果我现在有时间，我就会和你一起去。 If I were you , I would study hard at school instead of sleeping in class. 如果我是你，我会在学校好好学习而不是上课睡觉。 Eg : Sorry , I`m too busy now . If I time , I would certainly go for a a walk with you A.have had B.had had C.have D.had D 对过去虚拟 If I had met you , I would have told you the news. 如果我昨天见到你了，我就把消息告诉你了 Eg: If you my advice yesterday , that chance . A. followed ; wouldn`t have missed B. had followed ; wouldn`t have missed C. had followed ; wouldn`t miss D. were to follow ; wouldn`t miss B 对将来虚拟 If it should rain , the crops could be saved. 如果下雨，庄稼一定有救 If it were to rain tonight , we would not go out 如果今晚下雪，我们就不出去了 If I saw him tomorrow , I would pass your note to him 如果我明天见到他，我就把你的便条给他 If I were very rich now , I would buy you an iphone6. If I had had much money last year , I would have bought you an iphone6. If I were to have much money , I would buy you an iphone6. If I （be） the schoolmaster now , I (let) the students take a rest once in a while to make their learing more effective. were would let If Tom (drive) more carefully , he (have)