微型開沟机的设计书.docVIP

微型开沟机的设计 学 生：易 彬 指导老师：汤楚宙 (湖南农业大学工学院，长沙 410128) 摘 要：本文分析比较了国内外开沟机械的工作方法和原理，结合我国现有的开沟方式及现有小型旋耕机大量使用的现状，比较了前置和后置式开沟方式设计圆盘式开沟部件，试设计一款微型开沟机。 以蓝天1dn-4底盘为基础，后挂开沟机构。开沟机构动力与采用牙嵌式离合器进行传递，从而工作机构和行走机构相互独立，不相干涉。开沟刀盘动力采用链传动，结构简单、轻巧，运行灵活。采用上抛，并设置挡土板，从而达到覆土要求，开沟刀盘后接开沟铲，达到了沟底平整的要求，设置弧形挡板，满足了操作安全性及碎土系数需要，安装升降可调尾轮装置，提高了操作舒适度和操作的方便性。 在理论研究的基础上，设计出开沟部件，并对开沟刀盘进行受力分析， 对刀辊轴进行校核。 关键词：开沟；刀盘；抛土； Design of the Micro Ditching machine Student:Yi bin Tutor:Tangchuzhou (Engineering college, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128,China) Abstract：The working methods and principles of the ditching machine coming form home and abroad are analyzed and compared in this paper. By combining the present ditching mode in the advantages and disadvantages and the post-position that ditching mechine being used. by comparing the front -set and back- set ditching part, Finally,try to design a mini ditching machine. On the base of the Lantian 1dn-4 micro rotary cultivator ,set a ditching part on the back,the working part and the moving part are independence corse of the power of the rotary cultivator transfer from the stuck clutch.The cutter head drived by the chain wheel.the structure of integel setting are simply and smartly.To fit the need of the palling earth,we adopt the up casting method and set a poiling board on the above,set a ditching scroop on the back of the poiling board, unevenness of the channel bottom is also eliminated. Setting is baffle to satisfy the need of operation security and the coefficient of the broken soil. The adjustable trail wheel is fixed to increase the comfortable and operation simplicity. Based on theoretic research, rotary-ditch machine is produced and orthogonal test is carried out in this working. Keywords： Ditching；utterhead；oil casting 1 前言 近年来，随着农业产业结构的调整和国家对三农问题的关注，以及对农业投入力度的加大，农民种植经济作物的积极性明显增加。当前人们生活水平的提高，大中城市对新鲜瓜果蔬菜的需要量越来越大，种植面积也在日益增加。在果蔬的种植管理中，经常需要在地中间开挖排灌沟、施肥沟，并且需要不断地改变沟渠的位置，以利于果树、蔬菜的正常生长，单从种植管理的角度来说，对沟壁、沟型并没有过分特殊的要求，只希望沟中的水能流通、肥料能保证供应、果