不同质地土壤夏玉米生育后期光合特性比较研究.pdfVIP

第31卷 第 5期 2005年 5月 628～633页 作 物 学 报 ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA Vo1．31，No．5 PP．628—633 May，2005 不同质地土壤夏玉米生育后期光合特性比较研究 王 群 李潮海 栾丽敏 宋连启 高素玲 刘松涛 韩锦峰 ( 河南农业大学农学院，河南郑州450002； 河南省农业学校，河南中牟4~109) 摘 要：在4种质地不同的土壤和2种施肥水平下，研究了玉米的光合特性。结果表明，黏壤土、壤土、砂质壤土和壤质 黏土玉米生育后期光合速率(P )差异达显著或极显著水平，玉米生育后期各处理的光合参数的日变化存在明显差异，不 同质地土壤玉米 P 、￡。表现为黏壤土 壤土 壤质黏土 砂质壤土，C 表现为砂质壤土 壤质黏土 壤土 黏壤土， G。表现为质地黏重的土壤大于轻质土壤。蜡熟期各处理的 P 、G。、￡。明显小于乳熟期。施肥使各种质地土壤玉米 P 、 G。和 。明显提高，C，降低，尤其砂壤玉米变化更为明显。不同处理玉米的叶面积动态和产量差异显著。 关键词：土壤质地；玉米；光合特性；施肥 中圈分类号 ：S513 Photosynthetic Characteristics of Summer Maize(Zea mays L．)during the Late Growth Stage in Di rent Soil Textare WANG Qun ，LI Chao—Hai ’ ，LUAN Li—Min ，SONG Lian—Qi ，GAO Su—Ling2，LIU Song—Tao ，HAN Jin—Feng ( Agronomy Colege ofHenan AgncuZturd University，Zhengzhou 450002，Henan； HenanAgricultural School，Zhongmou 4~109，Henan，Ch／na) Abstract：Light is one of the important factors afecting development of corn and corn production(Zea mays L．)， especially at silk stage later．Besides ecological ~ctors，photosynthetic eficiency is af ected by soil texture and mineral nutrition．Soil texture is one of the important soil physical properties having efects on photosynthetic parameters by which maize growth is afected．Up to now，it is unclear how these parameters change and what their diversites are． The two—year pool—culture experiments with four kinds of soil textures(sandy loam，loam，clay loam and loamy clay) and two levels of fertilizations(with and without fertilizer)were conducted during 2000 and 2001 to study the yield response and its underlying photosynthetic mechanisms．Th e area of each pool was one square meter with six plants inside．Corn (Yedan 22)was planted on June 7 and harvested on September 17 in both years． Leaf area index and yield of maize varied greatly with diferent soil textures and fertilization levels(Table 2 and Fig．1)．The order of the changes was clay loam loam loamy clay sandy loam．Fertilization increased their values． Net photosynthetic rate(P )under each soil