A new model for competition between many languages.pdfVIP

a r X i v : p h y s i c s / 0 6 1 2 1 3 7 v 1 [ p h y s i c s .s o c - p h ] 1 3 D e c 2 0 0 6 A new model for competition between many languages C?ag?lar Tuncay Department of Physics, Middle East Technical University 06531 Ankara, Turkey caglart@.tr Abstract: Time evolutions of number of cities, population of cities, world population, and size distribution of present languages are studied in terms of a new model, where population of each city increases by a random rate and decreases by a random division. World population and size distri- bution of languages come out in good agreement with the available empirical data. Introduction: Many old languages, like ancient Greek and Roman may have spread in terms of colonization, where the cities were shaped by the current environmental conditions (see Viviane model, Refs.1, 2, and refer- ences therein). Yet, the cited mechanism may not cover all the relevant situations. Many medieval languages of the empires are not spoken on the same lands presently. On the other hand, Chinese and Indian languages might have spread in terms of increasing population, rather than coloniza- tion and other means. In the present contribution a new model for many languages is suggested, where city population increases by a random rate and decreases by a random division.[3,4] The model is given in the following section; applications and results are displayed in next one. The last section is devoted for discussion and conclusion. Model: We start with some number of cities (M(t)), which varies in time (t). Each city (i) might have equal initial population (Pi(t = 0)) or the initial population of each may be random and equal to Pri, where P is some constant and ri is a random real number 0 ≤ ri 1, with i ≤ M(0). We assign a random population growth rate (Ri) to each society, Ri = Rri, where R is constant. Through the evolution of history, each city at each time step with probability H gives birth to a new one where the splitting ratio of p