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Asymptotics of resonances for a schrodinger operator with matrix values.pdf

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Asymptotics of resonances for a schrodinger operator with matrix values

a r X i v : m a t h / 0 5 0 9 3 9 1 v 3 [ m a t h .S P ] 1 6 N o v 2 0 0 5 ASYMPTOTICS OF RESONANCES FOR A SCHRO?DINGER OPERATOR WITH MATRIX VALUES L. NEDELEC ? 1. Introduction We obtain the asymptotics for the counting function of resonances for a matrix valued Schro?dinger operator in dimension one. This theorem is a generalization of the result of Zworski [?], using ideas from Froese [?], both of which only treat the scalar case. There has been much work in proving upper and lower bounds for the number of resonances in various situations (for a review of this subject see [?]), but only [?] [?],[?] obtain results about asymptotic. Here we generalize these results to matrix potentials which appear in such physically important models as the Born Oppenheimer approximation, Dirac operator etc. Reso- nances are defined as poles of the continuation of the scattering matrix. In physics, the main interest is in resonances close to the real axis, since these can be measured in experiments. From a mathematical point of view, their asymptotics are important in order to establish trace formula. Compared to [?], where the resolvent was used and the potential V was a scalar, the proof here uses the determinant of the scattering matrix to characterize the resonances. We use the Born approximation to approximate the scattering matrix. This approximation, based on WKB solution, is widely used in inverse scattering theory and is a good tool here as well. For Schro?dinger operators in dimensions greater than one, sharp upper bounds on the number of resonances are known [?], but only weak lower bounds exist [?]. The result for the scalar case is Theorem 1.1. Apart from a set of density zero for the Lebesgue measure, all resonances of ??+V are contained in arbitrarily small sectors about the real axis. Let n±(r) denote the number of resonances of modulus less than r contained in some sector about R± then n±(r) = C(V )r + o(r). C(V ) = 1 π ( sup x,y∈suppV |x? y| ) . ? . 1 2 L.