Blow-analytic retraction onto the central fibre.pdfVIP

a r X i v : m a t h / 9 7 0 1 2 2 1 v 1 [ m a t h .C V ] 2 6 J a n 1 9 9 7 BLOW-ANALYTIC RETRACTION ONTO THE CENTRAL FIBRE Adam Parusin?ski Abstract. Let X be a complex analytic space and let f :X → C be a proper complex analytic function with nonsingular generic fibres. By adapting the blow- analytic methods of Kuo we construct a retraction of a neighbourhood of the central fibre f?1(0) onto f?1(0). Our retraction is defined by the flow of a real analytic vector field on an oriented real analytic blow-up of X . Then we describe in terms of this blow-up the associated specialization map and local Milnor fibrations. The method also works in real analytic category. 0. Introduction Let X0 be a compact complex analytic space and let f :X → C be a one parameter deformation of X0, that is f ?1(0) = X0. We call X0 the central fibre of f . The pair X ,X0 can be triangulated, and hence X0 is a strong deformation retract of its neighbourhood in X . Thus shrinking X , if necessary, we may assume that there is a retraction r:X → X0. Often, one would like to have retractions satisfying special properties, for instance such that the restriction of r to a general fibre Xs = f ?1(s), s 6= 0 and small, called a specializaton map rs:Xs → X0, does not depend on the choice of s, and that the fibres of the specialization map are constant over the strata of some stratification of X0. The purpose of this paper is to present a method of construction of such retraction under an additional assumption that f is a smoothing, that is the general fibres of f are nonsingular. Our method works also for real analytic functions. In his expose? on vanishing cycles [De] Deligne assumes the existence of such good retraction stating that ”il me semble plausible” that it exists. Actually, to construct the sheaf of vanishing (or rather neighbouring cycles) he uses special- ization defined up to a homotopy, that is Xs →? X ←? X0, which works since the latter inclusion is a homotopy equivalence. 199