等位变异Vrn-B1a和Vrn-B1b的春化效应及其在黄淮冬麦区小麦品种中的分布讲义.pdfVIP

?? 1 等位变异 Vrn-B1a和 Vrn-B1b的春化效应及其在黄淮冬麦区小麦品种 中的分布 王 轩 鞠丽萍 刘芳军 张钰玉 张 帆 付晓洁 冯 毅 张晓科*1 西北农林科技大学农学院, 陕西杨凌 712100 摘 要: 春化基因 Vrn-B1 是决定黄淮冬麦区小麦品种冬春性的主要基因之一, 研究其不同显性等位变异的低温春化作用效 应及分布, 对该区小麦品种选育和推广具有重要意义。以等位变异 Vrn-B1a品种皖麦 33与等位变异 Vrn-B1b品种豫麦 34为 亲本构建杂交组合, 对其 F2代进行 5~35 d的低温春化处理, 并在温室(22±3℃,16 h昼/8 h夜)鉴定抽穗期, 结合分子标记分析 低温春化处理时间对各等位变异型抽穗期的影响。同时对 228个黄淮冬麦区小麦品种进行相关位点分子检测, 分析该基因等 位变异的分布特点。各春化处理均使两种等位变异小麦植株的抽穗期提前, 但 Vrn-B1a抽穗时间比 Vrn-B1b晚约 2 d。从春化 处理当天至处理后 25 d, 2种等位变异类型的抽穗时间均随春化时间的延长而缩短; 继续延长春化时间, 抽穗期不再缩短, 表 明满足两种等位变异完成春化的低温时间为 20~25 d。在 228个品种中, Vrn-B1位点有 214个(93.9%)隐性和 14个(6.1%)显性 等位变异。其中, 显性等位变异 Vrn-B1a有 6个, 占总品种数的 2.6%; Vrn-B1b有 8个, 占总品种数的 3.5%。在黄淮冬麦区小 麦品种中, 春化基因 Vrn-B1位点至少存在 Vrn-B1a和 Vrn-B1b两种显性等位变异类型, 两种等位变异类型纯合小麦植株的抽 穗时间不同。 关键词: 普通小麦; 春化效应; Vrn-B1a; Vrn-B1b Vernalization Effects of Dominant Alleles Vrn-B1a and Vrn-B1b and Their Distributions in Cultivars from Yellow and Huai River Valleys Facultative Winter Wheat Zone WANG Xuan, JU Li-Ping, LIU Fang-Jun, ZHANG Yu-Yu, ZHANG Fan, FU Xiao-Jie, FENG Yi, and ZHANG Xiao-Ke* College of Agronomy, Northwest AF University, Yangling 712100, China Abstract: Vrn-B1 is a key gene controlling vernalization of wheat in the Yellow and Huai River Valleys Facultative Winter Wheat Zone of China. This study aimed to understand the allelic distribution at Vrn-B1 locus and their effects on heading date of wheat cultivars. To compare the vernalization responses of dominant alleles Vrn-B1a with Vrn-B1b on heading date, we planted F2 plants derived from the cross between Yumai 34 (Vrn-B1b genotype) and Wanmai 33 (Vrn-B1a genotype) in greenhouse (22±3°C and 16 h day/8 h night) with 4°C treatment for different periods (5–35 d). Besides, the Vrn-B1 allelic variation and distribution of 228 historic and current wheat cultivars were evaluated using molecular markers. The results showed that heading date of Vrn-B1a genotype was about two days later than that of Vrn-B1b genotype. Vernalization treatment at 4°C for 5–25 d ob