A comparison of various matingdisruption.pdf

A comparison of various mating disruption technologies for control of two internally feeding Lepidoptera in apples Eric Bohnenblust1*, Larry A. Hull2 Greg Krawczyk2 1Department of Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, 101 Merkle Building Orchard Rd, University Park, 16802 PA, USA, and 2Fruit Research Extension Center, Entomology, The Pennsylvania State University, 290 University Dr, Biglerville, 17307 PA, USA Accepted: 29 November 2010 Key words: Cydia pomonella, codling moth, Grapholita molesta, oriental fruit moth, sex pheromone, Tortricidae, dispenser density, trap lure Abstract Sex pheromone mating disruption (MD) is an approach used to control several moth pest species of pome fruit by disrupting the ability of the males to find females and consequently prevent mating. The following experiments were performed to determine the effectiveness of several new and experi- mental sex pheromone MD technologies, and dispenser densities for simultaneous control of the codling moth (CM), Cydia pomonella (L.), and the oriental fruit moth (OFM), Grapholita molesta (Busck) (both Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), in Pennsylvania apple orchards. In one study, three MD approaches to control CM and oriental fruit moth – CM and OFM Disrupt Micro-Flakes, Isomate CM ?OFM TT, and both a CideTrak OFM and a CideTrak CM dispenser containing both codlemone and pear ester – and an insecticides-only treatment were compared over the course of 2 years. In the other studies, the efficacy of several CheckMate Duel dispenser densities (i.e., 250, 375, 425, and 500 dispensers ha)1) were compared against Isomate CM ?OFM TT, and an insecticides-only treatment. The CideTrak CM ?pear ester combination and Isomate CM ?OFM TT treatments both substantially reduced CM captures in traps in 2007 and 2008. Meanwhile, OFM trap shutdown was highest in the CheckMate Duel densities of 375 (99.9 ± 0.08%) and 500 dispensers ha)1 (98.9 ± 0.07%) and the Isomate CM ?OFM TT treatment (98.0 ± 1.13%), and lowest