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Joint Frequency Selective Channel Estimation and Turbo Decoding in.pdf

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Joint Frequency Selective Channel Estimation and Turbo Decoding in

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS, VOL. 7, NO. 12, DECEMBER 2008 4813 Joint Frequency Selective Channel Estimation and Turbo Decoding in Space Time Systems Sefi (Yosef) Ronen and Tolga M. Duman, Senior Member, IEEE Abstract—A non-coherent multiple input multiple output (MIMO) coded communication system over a frequency selective (FS) block fading channel is considered. A theoretical limit for the channel estimation error is established via a closed form derivation of the modified Cramér-Rao bound (MCRB) (more precisely, a tight lower bound to it) for the underlying channel model and equi-power signal constellations. Furthermore, it is shown that, for a practical coded MIMO system that employs turbo coding and an appropriate iterative decoding, the resulting mean squared error (MSE) in channel estimation approaches very closely to the derived theoretical limit. Index Terms—Space-time coding, frequency-selective fading, Rayleigh fading, channel estimation, Cramér-Rao bound, modi- fied Cramér-Rao bound, turbo coding. I. INTRODUCTION CHANNEL estimation in coded schemes is of high interestin many wireless digital communication systems. An important aspect of channel estimation is the evaluation of a lower bound to the minimum MSE (MMSE), namely the Cramér-Rao Bound (CRB). However, it is complicated to evaluate the CRB in closed form for the general scheme, and derivations are often established for limited scenarios, approximated or evaluated numerically. For instance, for a coded MIMO communication system, derivation in [1] is restricted to flat fading and uncoded case, confirming the intuition that adopting the iterative strategy yields performance improvement. In [2], the CRB is derived for joint estimation of deterministic carrier phase, frequency and timing offset in terms of the marginal probabilities of coded data symbols. For FS channels, the CRB is derived for Gaussian signalling in [3] as a function of the pilot symbols and their placement. In a recen