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Liquid Argon Ionization Detector for Double Beta Decay Studies.pdf

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Liquid Argon Ionization Detector for Double Beta Decay Studies

a r X i v : n u c l - e x / 0 3 0 9 0 0 1 v 1 2 S e p 2 0 0 3 Liquid Argon Ionization Detector for Double Beta Decay Studies V.D. Ashitkov1, A.S. Barabash1, S.G. Belogurov1, G. Carugno2, S.I. Konovalov1, F. Massera3, G. Puglierin2, R.R. Saakyan1,4, V.N. Stekhanov1, V.I. Umatov1, 1Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, B. Cheremushkinskaya 25, 117259 Moscow, Russia 2Dipartimento di Fisica e INFN, Universita di Padova, via Marzolo 8, I-35131 Padova, Italy 3INFN, Sezione di Bologna, 40126, via Berti Pichat, 6/2 (Bologna), Italy 4Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, LONDON, WC1E 6BT UK Abstract A multisection liquid argon ionization detector was developed by the DBA col- laboration to study the double beta- decay of 100Mo. The experiment was carried out in the Gran Sasso underground laboratory in Italy. The detector design and main characteristics are described. The ββ(2ν) decay of 100Mo was observed and its half-life measured: T1/2 = [7.2 ± 0.9(stat) ± 1.8(syst)] × 1018 yr. Limits on the 0ν and 0νχ0 modes of the decay were obtained: T1/2 8.4(4.9) × 1021 yr and T1/2 4.1(3.2) × 1020 yr at 68 % (90 %) C.L., respectively. In addition the up- per limits on the 42Ar content and 222Rn activity in liquid Ar were found to be 4.3 × 10?21 g/g and 1.2 × 10?3 Bq/kg, respectively. 1 Introduction The current interest in ββ(0ν) decay is due to the fact that its existence is closely linked to the following fundamental aspects of particle physics [1, 2, 3]: -lepton number non-conservation; -existence of neutrino mass and its nature; -existence of right-handed currents in the electroweak interactions; -existence of the Majoron; -the Higgs sector structure; -existence of leptoquarks; -heavy sterile neutrino and composite neutrino. All these questions lie beyond the scope of the Standard Model of electroweak interactions and so the detection of ββ(0ν) decay will give rise to ”new physics”. The primary interest 1 Liquid nitrogen