Network Configuration For Optimal Utilization Efficiency of Wireless Sensor Networks.pdfVIP

Network Configuration For Optimal Utilization Efficiency of Wireless Sensor Networks Yunxia Chen, Chen-Nee Chuah, and Qing Zhao Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California, Davis, CA Phone: 1-530-752-7390 Fax: 1-530-752-8428 {yxchen,chuah,qzhao}@ece.ucdavis.edu Abstract This paper addresses the problem of configuring wireless sensor networks (WSNs). Specifically, we seek answers to the following questions: how many sensors should be deployed, what is the optimal sensor placement, and which transmission structure should be employed. The design objective is utilization efficiency defined as network lifetime per unit deployment cost. We propose an optimal approach and an approximation approach with reduced complexity to network configuration. Numerical and simulation results demonstrate the near optimal performance of the approximation approach. We also study the impact of sensing range, channel path loss exponent, sensing power consumption, and event arrival rate on the optimal network configuration. Index Terms Network lifetime, sensor placement, utilization efficiency, network configuration, wireless sensor network. Corresponding author: Yunxia Chen Part of this result has been presented at IEEE MILCOM 2005, Atlantic City, NJ, USA, Oct. 17 - 20, 2005. TO APPEAR IN ELSEVIER AD HOC NETWORKS. 2 I. INTRODUCTION Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have captured considerable attention recently due to their enormous potential for both commercial and military applications. A WSN consists of a large number of low-cost, low-power, energy-constrained sensors with limited computation and com- munication capability. Sensors are responsible for monitoring certain phenomenon within their sensing ranges and reporting to gateway nodes where the end-user can access the data. In WSNs, sensors can be deployed either randomly or deterministically. A random sensor placement [1] may be suitable for battlefields or hazardous areas while a deterministic sensor pla