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Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to A_TT for prompt photon production.pdf

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Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to A_TT for prompt photon production

a r X i v : h e p - p h / 0 3 0 3 2 2 6 v 1 2 6 M a r 2 0 0 3 BNL-NT-03/4 DO-TH 03/04 RBRC-318 March 2003 Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to ATT for prompt photon production A. Mukherjeea, M. Stratmannb, and W. Vogelsangc,d aInstitut fu?r Physik, Universita?t Dortmund, D-44221 Dortmund, Germany bInstitut fu?r Theoretische Physik, Universita?t Regensburg, D-93040 Regensburg, Germany cPhysics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, U.S.A. dRIKEN-BNL Research Center, Bldg. 510a, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973 – 5000, U.S.A. Abstract We present a next-to-leading order QCD calculation of the cross section for isolated large-pT prompt photon production in collisions of transversely polarized protons. We devise a simple method of dealing with the phase space integrals in dimensional reg- ularization in the presence of the cos(2Φ) azimuthal-angular dependence occurring for transverse polarization. Our results allow to calculate the double-spin asymmetry AγTT for this process at next-to-leading order accuracy, which may be used at BNL-RHIC to measure the transversity parton distributions of the proton. 1 Introduction The partonic structure of spin-1/2 targets at the leading-twist level is characterized entirely by the unpolarized, longitudinally polarized, and transversely polarized distribution functions f , ?f , and δf , respectively [1]. By virtue of the factorization theorem [2], these non-perturbative parton densities can be probed universally in a multitude of inelastic scattering processes, for which it is possible to separate (“factorize”) the long-distance physics relating to nucleon structure from a partonic short-distance scattering that is amenable to QCD perturbation theory. Combined experimental and theoretical efforts have led to an improved understanding of the spin structure of longitudinally polarized nucleons, ?f , in the past years. In contrast, the “transversity” distributions δf , first introd