阅读专题六猜词题.docVIP

阅读专题六: 猜词题 高考阅读理解题重视对考生猜词悟义能力的考查，这种不用词典而通过上下文来认识生词的能力是每一个考生所必须具备的能力。这类题主要考查考生对文中的重点词句的理解，要求考生对文章中的个别难词、关键词、词组或句子作出解释或推测释义。猜词悟义的能力,对排除阅读中生词的干扰、降低生词率、提高阅读速度和理解能力是必不可少的，这是考生英语阅读理解能力的一个重要组成部分。 常用的问题形式： 1. He underlined word（phrase）in the passage means ________________． 2. The word it（them）in the first paragraph refers to _____________． 3. The underlined sentence in the last paragraph means _____________． 4. Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the third paragraph? 5. What does（do）the underlined word（words）refer to？ 6. According to the passage, “…” probably means ______________. 7. The author uses the word “…” to mean __________. 8. The underlined word/phrase “…”means ______________. 9. The word “…” in paragraph …refers to__________. 10. What does “…” in the second paragraph stands for? 11. The sentence “…” means _______________. 猜词悟义方法： 一、针对性解释 针对性解释是作者为了更好地表达思想，在文章中对一些重要的概念、难懂的术语或词汇等所作的解释。这些解释提供的信息具有明确的针对性，利用它们猜词义比较容易。 1、根据定义猜测词义 定义解释形式多样，常由 be, mean, deal with, be considered, to be, refer to, be called, be known as, define, represent, or , that is to say, in other words, be called 等词汇或破折号,同位语来表示。例如： (1) Anthropology is the scientific study of man. 2、根据举例猜测词义 (1) You can take any of the periodicals: The World of English, Foreign Language Teaching in Schools, or English Learning. 二、内在逻辑关系 1、根据对比关系猜测词义 表示对比关系的词汇和短语主要是while, not, but, however, yet, otherwise, though, despite, in spite of , in contrast和while引导的并列句等。如： (1) Though Tom’s face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby. 2、根据因果关系猜测词义 (常用 because, so that, so/such…that…) (1) Tom is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes decisions without seeking the opinions of others. 3、根据同义词的替代关系猜测词义 (常有and, or, like, similarly, also…) (1) Green loves to talk, and his brothers are similarly loquacious. 4. 根据一般常识猜测词义 (1) The snake slithered through the grass. 三、根据构词法猜测词义(词缀法,合成法, 转化法) (1) I’m illiterate about such things.