将来时虚拟语气-打印.docVIP

与将来事实相反的虚拟语气 ?请看下面的题目： If we __________ 200 years old，we __________ everything. A. were to be，could change B. had been，changed C. were，would have changed D. should be，changed 此题应选A。该题考查与将来事实相反的 HYPERLINK /Article/num/Index.html \o 虚拟语气，此时的主句谓语通常用would(should，could，might)＋动词原形，而从句谓语可能有以下几种情况： 1. 从句谓语用过去式： If your father knew this，he would be angry. 要是你父亲知道了，他会生气的。 If it rained tomorrow，the sports meet would be put off. 要是明天下雨，运动会就推迟。 2. 从句谓语用should+动词原形(通常指可能性极小的事情，一般译为“万一”)： If it should rain，the crops would be saved. 要是有雨，这庄稼还有救。 此类句型的主句谓语有时可以用祈使句甚至将来时态： If it should rain tomorrow，don’t expect me. 万一明天下雨，就不要等我了。 If I should be free tomorrow，I will come. 万一我明天有空，我就来。 3. 从句谓语用were to+动词原形 (通常指可能性极小可或近乎不可能，有时指出乎意料)： If the sun were to rise in the west，my love for you would not change. 即使太阳从西边出，我对你的爱也不会变。 动名词和不定式做主语的相同点 1.不定式短语和动名词做主语时，常常为了保持句子的平衡，用it来做形式主语，如： It is not easy to learn English well. It is no use asking him for help. 2.如果主语用了不定式,表语和宾语也要用不定式;主语用了动名词,表语和宾语也要用动名词,这在英语中称为对称性,如: To see is to believe. = Seeing is believing. (眼见为实) (85)It is better to stay home than _A__ out. A. to go B. going C. go D. gone Ⅱ.动名词和不定式做主语的不同点 1.不定式做主语常表示具体的某一动作;表示泛指或一般的抽象的概念时,多用动名词,如: (92)_B_ is a good form of exercise for both young and old. A. The walk B. Walking C. To walk D. Walk 2.在”There/It +be+ no use(good/help/need)”之后常用动名词做主语,而少用不定式,如: It /There is no use crying over the split milk. It /There is no help taking this medicine. ★但是如果该句型中用了for引出不定式的逻辑主语,就只能用??定式,如: (93) There is no good for us to do that exercise. 3.不定式可以和when, where, how, what, whether等连用,在句子中做主语,宾语和表语,而动名词则不能,如: How to solve the problem is a hot potato. Where to put the box seems hard to decide. Whether to do it hasn’t been decided. What to do next is up to you. by default a) if you win a game, competition etc by default, you win it because your opponent did not play or because there were no other competitors b) if something happens by default, it happens because yo