句子结构[资料].ppt

英语的句子结构;;简单句的五种句型;简单句的五种句型;Ex: Find out the predicate in each sentence.;句子成分的构成;句子成分的构成;;;四、定语 定语起类似于形容词的修饰作用， 可以用下面这些东西表示： 1. 形容词；2. 代词；3. 数词；4. 名词或名词所有格； 5. 分词； 6. 不定式；7. 介词短语；8. 副词；9. 词组或合成词；10. 从句（即定语从句）。如： His words moved everyone present. We belong to the third world. We must live up to the Party’s expectations. This is indeed a most pressing problem. There are two things to be discussed today. He is a man of good temper. I saw a bird which was eating a worm in the tree.;五、状语 状语类似于副词，可以用下面这些东西表示 1. 副词；2. 介词短语；3. 不定式；4. 分词；5. 形容词； 6. 词组；7. 复合结构；8. 从句，如： They were greatly touched to hear the old man’s story. They did everything they could to save the boy’s life. I said it in fun. They all rushed over, eager to help. They returned tired and hungry. He came up shouldering a spade. We completed the work five days ahead of time. (词组) Seeing this, some students became very worried. (分词) He entered the room, his nose red with cold. (复合结构) ;并列句与复合句;*几个简单句用分号或并列连词连接起来构成 并列句．这样的连接词有: 　1) 表示意义延伸的并列连词： 　　 and, not only…but (also), neither…nor 2) 表示选择概念的并列连词: or, either…or, 3) 表示转折的并列连词: but, while, however, etc. 4) 表示原因的: for;eg: 1) As is reported, a trade agreement was signed and a cultural exchange was arranged. ;* 几个简单句可通过各种方式组合成含有主句和 从句的复合句。构成从属关系的复杂句包括 名词性分句(可以作主语、宾语、同位语、 主语补语）、定语分句、状语分句。 ;实际应用I;实际应用 I;实际应用I;实际应用I;实际应用I;实际应用I;实际应用I;实际应用I;实际应用I;实际应用I;实际应用I;实际应用II;实际应用II;实际应用II;实际应用II;英语长句的分析;eg. The study made clear that the working class that is so over-represented in crime statistics consists of lower-class people living in the lower-class areas of large cities. ;二、理解长句时可采用以下步骤： (1) 找出全句的主语、谓语和宾语，(复合句则 找出主句的主、谓、宾）从整体上把握句子 的结构。 ;(2) 找出句中所有的非谓语动词、介词短语和 从句的引导词。;(3) 分析从句和短语的功能，例如，是否为主语 从句，宾语从句，表语从句等； 若是状语，它是表示时间、原因、结果、 还是表示条件等等。 ;(4) 分析词、短语和从句之间的相互关系， 例如， 定语从句所修饰的先行词是哪一个等。 ;(5) 注意插入语等其他成分。 ;实际应用III;2. Instead, they get yearly rings, whi