意大利整骨8.4.Wrist Hand中英文.ppt

Structural Osteopathy结构性整骨 Wrist and Hand腕关节与手; The wrist is a complex of 15 joints to be in a good balance between them because any malfunction will tend to result in a global dysfunction of the wrist itself. 腕关节是一个由15个关节组成的良好平衡整体，因为任何的功能失常都会导致整体的功能失常 Functionally you have two joints : 其中两个最主要功能关节 the radio- carpal joint桡腕关节 midcarpal the articulation between the two chains . 两链之间的腕骨间关节 Functionally you can not separate these two joints because their movements will take place simultaneously and will reverse; In addition, these joints must be bound all carpo metacarpal . 在功能上我们无法将这两个关节分开因为他们发生的运动总是同时的；;The wrist is then formed by three joints :腕关节由三个关节组成 Radio- ulnar lower尺桡关节远端 Radio carpal joint桡腕关节 Middle carpal joint腕骨间关节; RADIO-ULNAR JOINT LOWER尺桡关节远端 As seen is a joint which belongs anatomically forearm and is the second essential articulation of the latter since it is a mechanical unit indissociable thanks to the presence of the interosseous membrane . 解剖学上属于前臂结构，且是尺桡关节中非常重要的一个关节，因为骨间膜的存在而形成一个不可分离的整体 Functionally the radio- ulnar lower joined the massive carpal and will arrange physiology . 功能上尺桡远端与手骨关节面形成生理学关节 The hand will make the movements of flexion-extension on a sagittal plane about an axis transverse movements of abduction and adduction on a front plane around an anteroposterior axis , pronation\supination serves to make the third movement . 腕关节可以做矢状面的屈曲及伸展，冠状面的横轴上外展及内收，以及前后轴向上的旋前旋后三种方式的运动;The radio - ulnar joint is lower trochoid , or ginglimo side and is similar radio- ulnar joint top , the only difference is that it has complied inversely . 尺桡远端关节是车轴关节，与尺桡关节近端相似，区别是拥有反向结构 the radio-ulnar joint lower put in contact the small cavity of the sigmoid radio that is concave inward and vertically planar with the second joint surface which is the head of the ulna that corresponds to a segment of a cylinder convex from front to rear . 尺桡远端关节中关节面为S型桡骨的小窝，呈向内垂直凹陷，与尺骨头柱状突起关节面相接合 A third joint surface corresponds to the triangular ligament wh