刘觉平群论第二次作业.docVIP

Exercise 2 in Group Theory Please give the electronic files (WORD2003 document ) of your homework in time to the corresponding person being responsible for evaluating. Deadline for sending your homework through email is Sunday 24:00 of the week when the homework is given. Problem 1. Show that a group must be an Abelian group if the order of any element in the group, except for the identity , is 2. 证明：对于任意群都有元素 令 即 又有 得 故群是阿贝尔群 Problem 2．(Lorentz group) Prove that in Minkowski space-time where the four coordinates of an event is expressed as , all the Lorentz tansformations along with the X-axis (namely all boosts along with X-axis) of the form where ,, form a group. 证明：取 取 （1）封闭性： 取，则，显然 且，所以得证。 （2）结合律：由（1）中结论，易知 有 （3）当时即有 （4）当时 综上所述，该变换构成一个群。 Problem 3. Let G be a finite cyclic group, and let n be a positive integer which divides the order of G , . Prove that G has a cyclic subgroup of G of order n, . 证明：取为生成元，生成n阶循环群，必为的子群， 故是的n阶循环子群 Problem 4. Let . Let x,y be the permutations in which are given by ,,and let K be the subgroup of . Show that the function , defined by (), is a homomorphism. (Notation： means the subgroup generated by the group elements x and y.) 证明： 要证明该映射是一个同态，只要证明 由 得 所以左边=右边 故成立 所以 ()是一个同态。