Effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on the endocrine system.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 22 Effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on the endocrine system [Keywords:] bypass the endocrine system Endocrine system, endocrine glands and dispersed by the presence in some tissues and organs of the endocrine cells in the body composed of an information transmission system, which is closely linked with the nervous system cooperate with each other to jointly regulate the body’s various functions, and maintaining the relative internal environment stable. During cardiopulmonary bypass (extracorporeal circulation, ECC) This special non-physiological processes, due to the blood surface contact with artificial materials, foreign bodies, blood flow patterns change, hemodilution, systemic blood heparin, low temperature, aortic cross-clamping and many other factors, the impact of its own endocrine system can cause a series of changes. A sympathetic adrenal medullary reactions: catecholamine hormones Sympathetic nervous system and adrenal medulla together constitute the sympathetic - adrenal medulla systems, emergency situations to mobilize the system, the amount of catecholamine secretion increased significantly. Catecholamines acting on the central nervous system, enhance its excitement, making the body alert and responsive, resulting in rapid breathing, high blood pressure, cardiac positive inotropic, systemic blood redistribution, sugar and fat, reinforcing the role of the decomposition. ECC process, endogenous or exogenous stimulation caused by the presence of sympathetic - adrenal medulla is the first reaction to the stress response occurs, causing progressive increase in plasma catecholamine levels. Epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) is a sensitive index of stress response, from the beginning until the rewarming ECC peak catecholamine situation will continue until surgery, after the first day was still significantly higher before surgery. This stress response depends on the ECC, the choice of anesthesia, anesthesia depth and plasm