Pregnancy and childbirth pain regulation mechanisms of opioid peptides.doc

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 12 Pregnancy and childbirth pain regulation mechanisms of opioid peptides Keywords:: 1. Deliveries / physiology 2. Endorphin hormone / physiology 3. Pain threshold 4. Pregnancy / physiology In the course of pregnancy and childbirth, a marked increase in pain threshold, so clinicians and anesthetists anesthetics and analgesics in the use of their dosage should be considered [1 ~ 4]. During pregnancy and childbirth analgesic mechanism of activation of endogenous pain control system plays an important role, in which endogenous opioid peptides, particularly dynorphin к receptor system and its rapid progress of research in this paper to do an overview. 1. Pregnancy and childbirth analgesia experimental evidence As early as 1961, Bromage found in the epidural anesthesia anesthesia for pregnant women than non-pregnant women with significantly reduced [1]. Have large amounts of data show that in humans and animals were seen in pregnancy and childbirth the mother’s pain threshold increases [1 ~ 4]. Pairs of female rats, using electrical stimulation of the feet, tail heat stimulation and colorectal expansion (Colorectal distention) as the nociceptive stimulus detection of targets. Pairs of sows, using CO2 laser thermal stimulation. Using forearm or finger pressure, heat stimulation of pregnant women. Rats, sows and other animals noxious stimulation of the pain threshold increases, especially in late pregnancy and childbirth the most obvious [2,4]. Analgesic effect of pregnant women, the time and this is similar to 18 days before giving birth, began to appear [2,3]. Pregnancy and childbirth analgesia and uterine afferent and circulation related to changes in sex hormones [2,3]. The uterus cut off the main afferent (lower abdominal nerve) can significantly reduce the pain of pregnancy, but not completely abolished. In rat pregnancy 10d ~ 18d, the blood content of 17β -estradiol have increased up to 22 days of pregnancy platform; and progesterone