Traumatic brain injury and inflammatory cytokines.docVIP

 PAGE \* MERGEFORMAT 13 Traumatic brain injury and inflammatory cytokines Keywords:: traumatic brain injury Interleukin -1 (IL-1 Interleukin -6 (IL-6) Interleukin -8 (IL-8) Tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα ) Traumatic brain injury is the most common neurosurgical diseases, has a higher morbidity and mortality. As the pathogenesis of brain injury after injury pathophysiology and treatment of the gradual in-depth research, people greatly expanded awareness of traumatic brain injury, in which the relationship between brain injury and cytokines are becoming hot topics of concern to scholars. Cytokines are a group of peptide cell regulators in general, including interleukin, interferon, growth factors, cell-stimulating factor, tumor necrosis factor and so on. Cytokines mainly by the synthesis of peripheral immune cells (such as macrophages, lymphocytes, fibroblasts), but many other types of cells (eg nerve cells, glial cells) can also produce certain cytokines. A wide variety of cytokines, but usually have some common features [11]: ① cell factor, mostly low molecular weight (amp;lt;30 kd) of the secreted proteins, and are generally glycoprotein. ② cytokines normally involved in immune and inflammatory response. ③ more than the production of cytokines with a transient and regional, and is mainly secreted in the form of paracrine or autocrine. ④ cell factor with high biological activity, usually in the pg (pg) level can play a role. ⑤ the role of cytokine production to the surface of target cells with high affinity binding to specific receptors play a role. ⑥ the role of different factors often overlap and staggered. Far as this most closely with the brain injury of several inflammatory cytokines briefly described. An interleukin -1 (IL-1) IL-1, there are two different structures of the molecules: IL-1α and IL-1β , and to secrete IL-1β as the major form. IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) is now regarded as the third IL-1 family members, IL-1 with similar