农业学-滴灌系统的组成与规划设计课件资料.pptVIP

3.3系统设计参数的确定  Ascertainment of system design parameter 基本参数 Basic parameter 1、设计保证率 Insurance rate of design 2、灌溉水的利用率不低于90% Irrigation water use efficiency is not less than 90% 3、设计系统的日工作小时应根据不同水源和农业技术条件确定，一般不宜大于20h Work hour of designed system according to different water source and agriculture technical condition, and it is better not to work more than 20 hours. 4、滴头设计工作水头应取所选滴头的额定工作水头，或由滴头压力与流量关系曲线确定。 Choose nominal working water head as work pressure, or do according to pressure and flow rate curve of emitter. 5、设计耗水强度应采用作物耗水强度峰值，并应由当地试验资料确定。 Designed consume water intensity（Ea）：should adopt crop consume water peak value，local experiment data decide the Ea. 6、计划土壤湿润层深度，不同作物不同生育阶段的计划湿润层深度不一样，根据各地的经验确定。 Planed depth of wetted soil（Z）：planed depth of wetted soil in different crop and different growth stage are different，according to different local experience. 3.3.2灌溉制度  Irrigation scheme 设计灌水定额：根据当地试验资料按下面公式之一计算 Design irrigation quota：According to local experiment datum, use one of thereinafter formulas to calculate: m=0.1γZP(θmax-θmin)/η Or m=0.1ZP(θmax-θmin)/η 式中： in the formulas： m——设计灌水定额mm；design irrigation quota (mm)； γ——土壤容重g/cm3； γ——soil density g/cm3，to select according to Fig. 2.3-1； z——计划土壤湿润层深度m； z——the depth of planned wetted soil m； P——湿润比 %； P——percentage of wetted area %； θmax、θmin——适宜土壤含水率上、下限（占干土重的百分比），θmax可取田间持水率的90%，θmin可取田间持水率的60%，可根据表2.3-1选用； θmax、θmin——up and down limit of water content（weight percentage in dry soil），θmax refer to 90% of field moisture capacity，θmin refer to 60% of field moisture capacity. Choose the parameter according to table 2.3-1； θmax、θmin——适宜土壤含水率上、下限（占土壤体积百分比）,θmax可取田间持水率的90%,θmin可取田间持水率的60%，可根据表2.3-1选用； θmax、θmin——up and down limit of water content（cubage percentage in dry soil），θmax refer to 90% of field moisture capacity，θmin refer to 60% of field moisture capacity. Choose the parameter according to Fig. 2.3-1. η——灌溉水利用系数。 η——irrigation water use coefficient. 表3-1不同土壤的物理特性表 Table 3-1 physica