OHASA18001内审员讲训.ppt

审核报告 对审核发现的结果作出适当的总结 让管理层作出回应 讨论必要的纠正措施和跟进日期 对必要的措施达成协议 提供合适的审核结论 审核报告 报告目的 审核的范围 审核的依据 审核的资料 审核的结果 纠正及预防措施的跟进 需跟进相关的纠正/预防措施，确认 ? 执行情况 有没有在规定期限内实施 ? 有效性(effectiveness) 实施之後，不符合事项有没有改正 问题有没有解决 需记录确认结果 * 9 Preliminary Environmental Review The preliminary environmental review is the technique most commonly used to identify potential environmental aspects. The review can be conducted either internally or by using external consultants. Professional Judgement This is unlikely to be a systematic technique of effects identification, although it may identify areas which have been overlooked by, or not included in the scope of other techniques. The technical validity of any xperts?used to assist in this type of exercise should always be established. Site Survey Surveys of an industrial site are more scientific than inspections and can include ecological assessments (looking at densities and diversity of species), geological or groundwater surveys (boreholes are sunk to establish the underlying structure of the land and to enable samples to be taken) and contamination surveys (also use the borehole technique and tend to look for evidence of contamination by hydrocarbons and heavy metals). Historical Review This is used in identifying past uses of a site, which may give indications of areas of contaminated land. It may also reveal locations of old sewers and watercourses. Information on the past uses of a site can be obtained from local libraries, the local authority, interviews with local people and past employees, old maps, etc. More detailed information can be obtained by undertaking a site investigation. Life-Cycle Assessment (LCA) is one of the tools used to examine the environmental radle-to-grave?consequences of making and using products and providing services. A study described as LCA should cover the complete life cycle, as defined below. The methodology is, however, often applied in studies of a more restricted nature, for example to study on