阅读方法之猜词意.ppt

阅读中生词意思的推理 缪肖强 qq: 108675500 什么是词汇 What we usually mean by “vocabulary” is that set of words or phrases which label the parts of material to be learned and which are necessary for students to use in talking and writing about the material. 词汇的分类 积极词汇（active vocabulary) Those we use with resonable frequency and precision. 消极词汇 (receptive vocabulary) Those that we more or less understand on seeing or hearing them. 为什么有些单词难记? 外来词 casino; carpe diem; à la carte 俚语 castle in the air; hit the ceiling 口语体 fab; terrific 新词 hypermile; Obamacare 旧词新意 Spanish athlete 英美不同的理解 homely; sedan 关键:多留心;多积累 阅读中的词汇问题 中级口译阅读的词汇要达到6,000以上才能相对实现无障碍阅读. 中级阅读考试中,生词肯定会出现. 在快速阅读中,对生单词的处理一般有3种常见的方法. 语境线索推理法 词性判断推理法 构词结构推理法 语境线索推理法 词只有在语境中才有意义，语境的变化，也必然会导致词义的变化。 如:observe He observes keenly, but says little. We must observe the rules of our land. Do they observe Spring Festival in that country? He observed that it would probably rain. 1. 定义线索 (教P35) Sue, serving as the chairperson, presided at the meeting. Jane commiserated, or sympathized, with a friend who had lost her pet The square of hypotenuse of a right triangle is the sum of the squares of other two sides. Tofu, a tasty vegetable protein, can take the place of meat or chicken in many recipes. David Yip was ecstatic—that is, he was widely happy—when he received his diploma. 2.举例线索 Tom must be very affluent. He wears expensive clothes and jewelry, drives a Rolls-Royce convertible, and owns a $1,750,000 house in Beverly Hills. The “terrible twos” are so called because chidren at that age are often intractable; for example, they have a will of their own and may refuse to obey. 3.对比线索 She wanted to give me the impression of being erudite, but instead she gave me the impression that she knew absolutely nothing. Though the corporation’s testimony seemed unbelievable, their attorneys hoped the jury would find it credible. 4.标识词 While his subjects were grieving over their dead, the king was filled with exultation over his mi