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Barrelettes without Barrels in the American Water Shrew.doc

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Barrelettes without Barrels in the American Water Shrew

BarreletteswithoutBarrelsintheAmericanWaterShrew KennethC.Catania1*,ElizabethH.Catania1,EvaK.Sawyer2,DuncanB.Leitch2 1Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America, 2Neuroscience Graduate Program, Vanderbilt University, Nashville,Tennessee,UnitedStatesofAmerica Abstract Watershrews(Sorexpalustris)dependheavilyontheirelaboratewhiskerstonavigatetheirenvironmentandlocateprey. Theyhavesmalleyesandearswithcorrespondinglysmallopticandauditorynerves.Previousinvestigationshaveshown thatwatershrewneocortexisdominatedbylargerepresentationsofthewhiskersinprimaryandsecondarysomatosensory cortex(S1 andS2).Flattenedsections ofjuvenilecortexprocessed forcytochromeoxidase revealedclear borders ofthe whiskerpadrepresentationinS1,butnocorticalbarrels.Wewerethereforesurprisedtodiscoverprominentbarrelettesin brainstem of juvenile water shrews in the present investigation. These distinctive modules were found in the principal trigeminal nucleus (PrV), and in two of the three spinal trigeminal subnuclei (interpolaris – SpVi and caudalis – SpVc). Analysisoftheshrew’swhiskerpadrevealedthelikelyrelationshipbetweenwhiskersandbarrelettes.Barrelettespersisted in adultwater shrew PrV, butbarrels were also absent from adultcortex. Thusin contrast tomice and rats, which have obviousbarrelsinprimarysomatosensorycortexandlessclearbarrelettesintheprincipalnucleus,watershrewshaveclear barrelettes in the brainstem and no barrels in the neocortex. These results highlight the diverse ways that similar mechanoreceptorscanberepresentedinthecentralnervoussystemsofdifferentspecies. Citation: CataniaKC,CataniaEH, Sawyer EK, Leitch DB(2013) Barrelettes withoutBarrels in theAmericanWaterShrew.PLoS ONE 8(6): e65975. doi:10.1371/ journal.pone.0065975 Editor:AndrewIwaniuk,UniversityofLethbridge,Canada ReceivedMarch28,2013;AcceptedMay4,2013;PublishedJune3,2013 Copyright: ? 2013 Catania et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the term