Biomechanical Influence of Cartilage Homeostasis in Health and Disease英文文献资料.docVIP

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Biomechanical Influence of Cartilage Homeostasis in Health and Disease英文文献资料.doc

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Biomechanical Influence of Cartilage Homeostasis in Health and Disease英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation Arthritis Volume2011,ArticleID979032,16pages doi:10.1155/2011/979032 ReviewArticle BiomechanicalIn?uenceofCartilageHomeostasisin HealthandDisease D.L.Bader, D.M.Salter, andT.T.Chowdhury 1 2 1 1 2 SchoolofEngineeringandMaterialsScience,QueenMaryUniversityofLondon,LondonE14NS,UK DepartmentofPathology,UniversityofEdinburgh,EdinburghEH42XU,UK CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoT.T.Chowdhury,t.t.chowdhury@qmul.ac.uk Received1April2011;Accepted26June2011 AcademicEditor:JohanneMartel-Pelletier Copyright?2011D.L.Baderetal.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense, whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperlycited. There is an urgent demand for long term solutions to improve osteoarthritis treatments in the ageing population. There are drugsthatcontrolthepainbutnonethatstoptheprogressionofthediseaseinasafeande?cientway.Increasedintervention e?orts,augmentedbyearlydiagnosisandintegratedbiophysicaltherapiesarethereforeneeded.Unfortunately,progresshasbeen hamperedduetothewidevariety ofexperimentalmodelswhichexaminethee?ectofmechanicalstimuliandin?ammatory mediatorsonsignaltransductionpathways.Ourunderstandingoftheearlymechanopathophysiologyispoor,particularlythe way in which mechanical stimuli in?uences cell function and regulates matrix synthesis. This makes it di?cult to identify reliabletargetsanddesignnewtherapies.Inaddition,thee?ectofmechanicalloadingonmatrixturnoverisdependentonthe natureofthemechanicalstimulus.Accumulatingevidencesuggeststhatmoderatemechanicalloadinghelpstomaintaincartilage integritywithalowturnoverofmatrixconstituents.Incontrast,nonphysiologicalmechanicalsignalsareassociatedwithincreased cartilagedamageanddegenerativechanges.Thisreviewwilldiscussthepathwaysregulatedbycompressiveloadingregimesand in?ammatorysignalsinanimalandinvitro3Dmodels.Identi?cationofthechondroprotectivepathwayswillrevealnovelta