Can Estragole in Fennel Seed Decoctions Really Be Considered a Danger for Human Health A Fennel Safety Update英文文献资料.docVIP

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Can Estragole in Fennel Seed Decoctions Really Be Considered a Danger for Human Health A Fennel Safety Update英文文献资料.doc

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Can Estragole in Fennel Seed Decoctions Really Be Considered a Danger for Human Health A Fennel Safety Update英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation Evidence-BasedComplementaryandAlternativeMedicine Volume2012,ArticleID860542,10pages doi:10.1155/2012/860542 ReviewArticle CanEstragoleinFennelSeedDecoctionsReallyBeConsidereda DangerforHumanHealth?AFennelSafetyUpdate L.Gori, E.Gallo, V.Mascherini, 1 1 1A.Mugelli,1,2A.Vannacci,1,2andF.Firenzuoli1 1 CenterforIntegrativeMedicine,CareggiandDepartmentofPreclinicalandClinicalPharmacology,UniversityHospitalofFlorence and“M.AiazziMancini”,UniversityofFlorence,VialeG.Pieraccini6,50139Florence,Italy InteruniversitaryCentreofMolecularMedicineandAppliedBiophysics(CIMMBA),DepartmentofPharmacology, UniversityofFlorence,50139Florence,Italy 2 CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoF.Firenzuoli,fabio.?renzuoli@uni?.it Received30March2012;Accepted20June2012 AcademicEditor:CassandraQuave Copyright?2012L.Gorietal.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttributionLicense,which permitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperlycited. Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) mature fruit (commonly known as seeds) and essential oil of fennel are widely used as ?avoringagentsinfoodproductssuchasliqueurs,bread,cheese,andaningredientofcosmeticsandpharmaceuticalproducts. Moreoverfennelinfusionsaretheclassicaldecoctionfornursingbabiestoprevent?atulenceandcolicspasm.Traditionallyin EuropeandMediterraneanareasfennelisusedasantispasmodic,diuretic,anti-in?ammatory,analgesic,secretomotor,secretolytic, galactagogue,eyelotion,andantioxidantremedyandintegrator.Topically,fennelpowderisusedasapoulticeforsnakebites.In Asianculturesfennelwasingestedtospeedtheeliminationofpoisons.AsoneoftheancientSaxonpeople’sninesacredherbs, fennel was credited with the power to cure. Fennel was also valued as a magic herb: in the Middle Ages it was draped over doorwaysonMidsummer’sEvetoprotectthehouseholdfromevilspirits.Recentlybecauseofestragolecarcinogenicity,fennel hasbeenchargedtobedangerousforhumansespeciallyif