Can Radiators Be Really Isotropic英文文献资料.docVIP

HindawiPublishingCorporation InternationalJournalofAntennasandPropagation Volume2012,ArticleID187123,9pages doi:10.1155/2012/187123 ResearchArticle Canλ/4RadiatorsBeReallyIsotropic? H.Matzner andE.Levine 1 2 1 2 DepartmentofCommunicationEngineering,HolonAcademicInstituteofTechnology,52GolombStreet,Holon58102,Israel AFEKATelAvivAcademicCollegeofEngineering,38MivzaKadesh,TelAviv69107,Israel CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoE.Levine,levineel@.il Received5October2011;Accepted2January2012 AcademicEditor:Dau-ChyrhChang Copyright?2012H.MatznerandE.Levine.ThisisanopenaccessarticledistributedundertheCreativeCommonsAttribution License,whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperly cited. InsearchforisotropicradiatorswithreasonablequalityFactor(Q),bandwidth,ande?ciency,onelooksforpracticalradiators withatypicalresonantlengthofλ/4.WepresenthereaGreen’sfunctionanalysisinFourierofaλ/4microstripelementandafar- ?eldintegralmethodincon?guration(real)spaceofsingleanddualU-shapedλ/4elements.Bothsolutionsanalyticallyprovethat thepowerradiationpatternsareisotropicinnature(whilethethicknessandthewidthtendtozero),althoughthepolarizations arenotsymmetricalinallcuts.ItisalsoshownthatthepowerisotropicU-shapedradiator,forwhichthesurfacecurrentdensity isin?nite,canbereplacedbyanother?nite-sizeradiator,having?nite-surfacecurrentdensity,suchthatitsfar-?eldisexactlythe sameasthefar-?eldoftheU-shapedisotropicradiator. 1.Introduction from which we learn that an in?nite long source current distributionbasedonparalleltoxy“turnstiles”distributed uniformly over the z-axis radiated power isotropically. In this case the feed function is K0(kz), where k = 2π/λ is Accumulated experience, empirical and theoretical, with λ/4microstripelementsprovedtheire?ciencyaselements of antenna arrays, as can be shown, for example, in [1]. Thebeamwidthoftheseelementsisrelativelybroad,where theverticalpart oftheelementcontributestotheend-?re directio