GeneExpression-JonesCollegePrepHighSchool基因表达-琼斯大学预科中学.pptVIP

Translation The mRNA (a modified copy of the code) is used to assemble a functional protein in the ribosome How? Every 3 nucleotides = 1 codon. 1 codon = 1 amino acid tRNA matches codon, brings amino acid tRNA Protein Assembly Once the protein is finished, it gets folded into it’s 3D shape How Important is Protein Shape? Cystic fibrosis, Tay-Sachs, Sickle-Cell, colorblindness are due to a single amino acid being switched Mad Cow Disease – proteins misfold in brain Transcription/Translation Songs Option 1 – by yourself write a song (singing is optional) – Due Monday Option 2 – with 1 partner, write and perform a song – Due Monday Option 3 – in a group of 3-5 write and record a song with a video. Video may be entertaining but should also include some visuals demonstrating the process – Due Wednesday Agenda Transcription/Translation Mr. Mahon’s song Write your own song HW – finish/record song Gene Expression Transcription and Translation The Main Point Genes are instructions for assembling proteins How does DNA contain information? The sequence of nitrogenous bases Codes for which amino acids go in what order in a protein Reminder About Proteins They do everything! Special importance - enzymes Protein Shape Function depends on shape Shape depends on bonds between amino acid side chains Amino Acid Side Chains Summary so Far DNA codes for the sequence of amino acids in a protein, which causes them to have unique 3-d shapes and functions Steps in the Process Transcription DNA ? mRNA Translation mRNA ? Protein Transcription Enzyme RNA polymerase binds to the DNA and synthesizes a complementary strand In Eukaryotes this occurs in the nucleus. In prokaryotes, it occurs in the cytoplasm RNA – Ribonucleic Acid Nucleotides have 1 more O atom than DEOXYribonucleic acid No Thymine, in it’s place- Uracil Usually single stranded Sometimes it base pairs on itself, as we’ll see Difference in Nucleotides RNA – does all the work mRNA – a copy of the code tRNA – does a bunch of the w