A Balanced Diet Is Necessary for Proper Entrainment Signals of the Mouse Liver Clock 英文参考文献.docVIP

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A Balanced Diet Is Necessary for Proper Entrainment Signals of the Mouse Liver Clock 英文参考文献.doc

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A Balanced Diet Is Necessary for Proper Entrainment Signals of the Mouse Liver Clock 英文参考文献

ABalancedDietIsNecessaryforProperEntrainment SignalsoftheMouseLiverClock AkikoHirao1,2,YuTahara1,IchiroKimura2,ShigenobuShibata1* 1Laboratory of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan, 2Laboratory of DevelopmentalBiology,SchoolofHumanSciences,WasedaUniversity,Saitama,Japan Abstract Background:Theperipheralcircadianclockinmiceisentrainednotonlybylight-darkcyclesbutalsobydailyrestricted feedingschedules.Behavioralandcellcultureexperimentssuggestanincreaseinglucoselevelasafactorinsuchfeeding- inducedentrainment.Forapplicationoffeeding-inducedentrainmentinhumans,nutrientcontentanddietaryvariations shouldbeconsidered. PrincipalFinding:Toelucidatethefoodcompositionnecessaryfordietaryentrainment,weexaminedwhethercompleteor partialsubstitutionofdietarynutrientsaffectedphaseshiftsinliverclocksofmice.Comparedwithfastingmiceoradlibitum fedmice,theliverbioluminescencerhythmadvancedby3–4honthemiddledayinPer2::luciferaseknock-inmicethatwere administered a standard mouse diet, i.e. AIN-93M formula [0.6–0.85g/10g mouse BW] (composition: 14% casein, 47% cornstarch, 15% gelatinized cornstarch, 10% sugar, 4% soybean oil, and 10% other [fiber, vitamins, minerals, etc.]), for 2 days.Wheneachnutrientwastestedalone(100%nutrient),aninsignificantweakphaseadvancewasfoundtobeinduced by cornstarch and soybean oil, but almost no phase advance was induced by gelatinized cornstarch, high-amylose cornstarch, glucose, sucrose, or casein. A combination of glucose and casein without oil, vitamin, or fiber caused a significantphaseadvance.WhencornstarchinAIN-93Mwassubstitutedwithglucose,sucrose,fructose,polydextrose,high- amylose cornstarch, or gelatinized cornstarch, the amplitude of phase advance paralleled the increase in blood glucose concentration. Conclusions:Ourresultsstronglysuggestthefollowing:(1)balanceddietscontainingcarbohydrates/sugarsandproteins aregoodforrestrictedfeeding-inducedentrainmentoftheperipheralc