An Ancient Relation between Units of Length and Volume Based on a Sphere 英文参考文献.docVIP

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An Ancient Relation between Units of Length and Volume Based on a Sphere 英文参考文献.doc

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An Ancient Relation between Units of Length and Volume Based on a Sphere 英文参考文献

AnAncientRelationbetweenUnitsofLengthand VolumeBasedonaSphere ElenaZapassky1,YuvalGadot1,IsraelFinkelstein1,ItzhakBenenson2* 1InstituteofArchaeology,TelAvivUniversity,RamatAviv,TelAviv,Israel,2DepartmentofGeographyandHumanEnvironment,TelAvivUniversity,RamatAviv,TelAviv, Israel Abstract Themodernmetricsystemdefinesunitsofvolumebasedonthecube.WeproposethattheancientEgyptiansystemof measuringcapacityemployedasimilarconcept,butusedthesphereinstead.WhenconsideredinancientEgyptianunits, thevolumeofasphere,whosecircumferenceisoneroyalcubit,equalshalfahekat.Usingthemeasurementsoflargesetsof ancientcontainersasadatabase,thearticledemonstratesthatthisformulawascharacteristicofEgyptianandEgyptian- related pottery vessels but not of the ceramics of Mesopotamia, which had a different system of measuring length and volumeunits. Citation:ZapasskyE,GadotY,FinkelsteinI,BenensonI(2012)AnAncientRelationbetweenUnitsofLengthandVolumeBasedonaSphere.PLoSONE7(3): e33895.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033895 Editor:FredH.Smith,IllinoisStateUniversity,UnitedStatesofAmerica ReceivedSeptember19,2011;AcceptedFebruary18,2012;PublishedMarch28,2012 Copyright: ? 2012 Zapassky et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalauthorandsourcearecredited. Funding: This study was supported by the European Research Council Advanced Grant nu 229418, titled Reconstructing Ancient Israel: The Exact and Life Sciences Perspective (RAIELSP), see http://erc.europa.eu/index.cfm?fuseaction=page.displaytopicID=517. The funders had no role in study design, data collectionandanalysis,decisiontopublish,orpreparationofthemanuscript. CompetingInterests:Theauthorshavedeclaredthatnocompetinginterestsexist. *E-mail:bennya@post.tau.ac.il Introduction accountinPapyrusReisnerI,SectionI,andtheEgyptiansknew howtoconvertcubitsintohekats.TranslatingProblems41and44 intheRhindPapyrus[3