An Ecological Analysis of the Herbivory-Elicited JA Burst and Its Metabolism Plant Memory Processes and Predictions of the Moving Target Model 英文参考文献.docVIP

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An Ecological Analysis of the Herbivory-Elicited JA Burst and Its Metabolism Plant Memory Processes and Predictions of the Moving Target Model 英文参考文献.doc

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An Ecological Analysis of the Herbivory-Elicited JA Burst and Its Metabolism Plant Memory Processes and Predictions of the Moving Target Model 英文参考文献

AnEcologicalAnalysisoftheHerbivory-ElicitedJABurst andItsMetabolism:PlantMemoryProcessesand PredictionsoftheMovingTargetModel WilliamStork,CeliaDiezel,RaykoHalitschke¤,IvanGa′lis,IanT.Baldwin* DepartmentofMolecularEcology,MaxPlanckInstituteforChemicalEcology,BeutenbergCampus,Jena,Germany Abstract Background: Rapid herbivore-induced jasmonic acid (JA) accumulation is known to mediate many induced defense responsesinvascularplants,butlittleisknownabouthowJAburstsaremetabolizedandmodifiedinresponsetorepeated elicitations,arepropagatedthroughoutelicitedleaves,orhowtheydirectlyinfluenceherbivores. Methodology/PrincipalFindings:WefoundtheJAburstinanativepopulationofNicotianaattenuatatobehighlyrobust despiteenvironmentalvariationandweexaminedtheJAburstsproducedbyrepeatedelicitationswithManducasextaoral secretions(OS)atwhole-andwithin-leafspatialscales.Surprisingly,a2ndOS-elicitationsuppressedanexpectedJAburstat both spatial scales, but subsequent elicitations caused more rapid JA accumulation in elicited tissue. The baseline of inducedJA/JA-Ileincreasedwithnumberofelicitationsindiscreteintervals.LargeveinsconstrainedthespatialspreadofJA bursts,leadingtoheterogeneitywithinelicitedleaves.1st-instarM.sextalarvaewererepelledbyelicitationsandchanged feeding sites. JA conjugated with isoleucine (JA-Ile) translates elicitations into defense production (e.g., TPIs), but conjugation efficiency varied among sectors and depended on NaWRKY3/6 transcription factors. Elicited TPI activity correlatedstronglywiththeheterogeneityofJA/JA-Ileaccumulationsafterasingleelicitation,butnotrepeatedelicitations. Conclusions/Significance: Ecologically informed scaling of leaf elicitation reveals the contribution of repeated herbivory eventstotheformationofplantmemoryofherbivoryandthecausesandimportanceofheterogeneityininduceddefense responses. Leaf vasculature, in addition to transmitting long-distance damage cues, creates heterogeneity in JA bursts withinattackedleavesthatmaybedifficultforanattac